Increased proportion of apoptotic cells in cat kidney tissues infected with feline morbillivirus
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Increased proportion of apoptotic cells in cat kidney tissues infected with feline morbillivirus Kripitch Sutummaporn1,7,8 · Kazuhiko Suzuki2 · Noboru Machida3 · Tetsuya Mizutani4 · Eun‑Sil Park5 · Shigeru Morikawa6 · Tetsuya Furuya1 Received: 2 March 2020 / Accepted: 20 July 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In order to study potential pathogenic mechanisms of feline morbillivirus (FeMV) in infected kidney cells, we performed a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with an anti-FeMV P protein antibody on a total of 38 cat kidney tissues, 12 of which were positive for FeMV. Among these samples, we detected significantly larger numbers of apoptotic cells in FeMV-positive tissues than in FeMV-negative tissues, and in these tissues, a substantial percentage of TUNEL-positive (TUNEL+) cells contained the FeMV P protein (mean, 37.4; range, 17.4-82.9), suggesting that induction of apoptosis may be an important mechanism for pathological changes associated with FeMV infection in cat kidney tissues. Feline morbillivirus (FeMV, formerly abbreviated as FmoPV) was discovered in Hong Kong in 2012 [1] and in Japan in 2014 [2–4]. It is now detected in various countries of East Asia, Eastern and Western Europe, and North and South America [5–9]. In addition, a new genotype of FeMV, called FeMV-GT2, was recently isolated from the urine of cats with urinary tract disease in Germany [10]. FeMV is an enveloped negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus Morbillivirus, family Paramyxoviridae [11]. Handling Editor: Bert K. Rima. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04782-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Tetsuya Furuya [email protected] 1
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Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183‑8509, Japan Laboratory of Toxicology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183‑8509, Japan Laboratory of Clinical Oncology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183‑8509, Japan
Despite this classification, phylogenetic analysis has shown that FeMV exhibits distinct biological characteristics and it is genetically distant from the other members of the genus Morbillivirus [3, 4]. A contribution of FeMV infection to kidney disease was suggested by a case-control study in the original report [1] and later by detailed evaluations using immunostaining and pathological scoring of kidney tissues of FeMV-infected cats [12]. Other reports have also provided evidence for an association of FeMV infection with kidney diseases in cats [2, 5–7, 13]. It is not yet clear, however, by what mechani
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