Industrial Reactor Power Monitoring Using Antineutrino Counts in the DANSS Detector
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CLEI Experiment
Industrial Reactor Power Monitoring Using Antineutrino Counts in the DANSS Detector I. G. Alekseev1), 2), 3) , V. V. Belov4) , V. B. Brudanin4) , G. G. Guzeev5) , M. V. Danilov6) , V. G. Egorov4), 7) , I. V. Zhitnikov4), D. R. Zinatulina4) , S. V. Kazartsev4), 7) , A. S. Kobyakin1), 3) , A. S. Kuznetsov4) , I. V. Machikhiliyan1), D. V. Medvedev4) , V. M. Nesterov1) , A. G. Olshevsky4), N. A. Pogorelov1) , D. V. Ponomarev4) , I. E. Rozova4), N. S. Rumyantseva4), 7) , V. Yu. Rusinov1) , E. I. Samigullin1) , D. N. Svirida1)* , N. A. Skrobova1), 3), 6) , A. S. Starostin1), E. I. Tarkovsky1), D. V. Filosofov4), M. V. Fomina4) , V. A. Khvatov5), V. M. Chapaev5) , Ye. A. Shevchik4), M. V. Shirchenko4), and Yu. A. Shitov4), 8) Received March 28, 2019; revised March 28, 2019; accepted March 28, 2019
Abstract—Detection of antineutrino by the reaction of the inverse β-decay can be used for an independent monitoring of a nuclear reactor power. DANSS detector is located directly under a commercial WWER1000 reactor and counts up to 5000 antineutrino per day, providing the accuracy of 1.5% in 2 days of the flux measurement. A powerful system of the passive and active shielding in combination with the fine spatial segmentation of the detector allows to diminish the contribution of the background processes to a level, negligible in comparison to the statistical error. The influence of the nuclear fuel composition on the neutrino flux can be accounted for based on the input from the NPP staff. DOI: 10.1134/S1063778819050041
1. INTRODUCTION The measurement of the power of a nuclear reactor is one of the most important parts of its operation process. Currently used methods are based either on the determination of the thermodynamical parameters of the heat carrier or on the measurements of the neutron flux throughout the whole reactor core. These techniques are well developed, but feature a number of systematic uncertainties, which can hardly be interpreted, but limit the measurement accuracy to the level of the order of one percent. The development of the independent methods of the power measurement based on alternative physics approaches is of 1)
National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”—ITEP, Moscow, Russia. 2) National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow, Russia. 3) Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudny, Russia. 4) Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia. 5) Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant, Udomlya, Russia. 6) Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. 7) Dubna State University, Russia. 8) Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom. * E-mail: [email protected]
great importance for the improvement of the safety and reliability of the nuclear reactors. The possibility to use antineutrino detectors for the monitoring of the industrial reactor power was proposed and got a proof of principle already at the end of the last century (see [1] for example). Indeed, the fission of the uranium and plutoni
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