Influence of Different Particle Sizes of Blast-Furnace Slag as a Fine Aggregate on Mechanical Strength and Abrasion Resi
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Influence of Different Particle Sizes of Blast-Furnace Slag as a Fine Aggregate on Mechanical Strength and Abrasion Resistance of Concrete Alaa M. Rashad 1,2
&
Dina M. Sadek 1
Received: 13 September 2019 / Accepted: 14 November 2019 # Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract This paper aims to study the effect of different particle sizes of granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) as a partial or full natural fine aggregate substitution in concretes with different water/cement (w/c) ratios. Natural sand fine aggregate was substituted with GBFS at ratios ranging from 25% to 100%, by weight. Two different particle sizes of GBFS (0.16 and 0.5 mm) and w/c ratios (0.5 and 0.6) were used. Workability, mechanical strength and abrasion resistance at ages ranging from 7 to 180 days were measured. The morphology of selected concrete samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed a negative effect of GBFS fine aggregate on the workability of concrete mixtures. The incorporation of GBFS as a fine aggregate in concretes may increase or decrease mechanical strength and abrasion resistance. This depending on its particle size as well as w/c ratio. Keywords GBFS . Fine aggregate substitution . Mechanical strength . Abrasion resistance
1 Introduction Because approximately 65–85% of concrete volume is occupied by aggregate, it is not wonderful that its quality has a major impact on concrete properties. Not only aggregate can affect the concrete strength, but also can significant affect its abrasion resistance and durability. Aggregate can be considered as an inexpensive and inert material, but it is not accurately inert because of its physical and a few times chemical properties affect concrete performance [1]. In most cases, natural sand is the traditional and common material used for fine aggregate in concrete production. In fact, the global natural sand consumption as a fine aggregate is too high and some parts of the world have confronted shortage of natural fine aggregate. The problem of fine aggregate shortage can be
* Alaa M. Rashad [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Building Materials Research and Quality Control Institute, Housing & Building National Research Center (HBRC), Cairo, Egypt
2
Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Shaqra University, Dawadmi, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
fulfilled by incorporating different types of by-product or waste materials as a part of fine aggregate [2–5]. Reuse of waste and by-product materials as a partial/full substitution of natural fine aggregate in the field of constructions not only eliminates the extraction demand of virgin raw materials, but also helps to dispose of waste and by-product materials. Granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) is produced in a large magnitude everywhere throughout the world. About 300–360 million tonnes of slag is produced annually [6]. GBFS has considerably increased due to the quick economic proceed and the improvement in the production of iron. Up to now, a large qua
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