Influence of hard rock dust on the physical and microstructural properties of red ceramic materials
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Influence of hard rock dust on the physical and microstructural properties of red ceramic materials Aninda Nafis Ahmed1 · Mst. Shanjida Sultana2 · Mohammad Nazim Zaman2 · Md. Aminur Rahman2 Received: 22 June 2020 / Revised: 20 September 2020 / Accepted: 25 September 2020 © The Korean Ceramic Society 2020
Abstract Rock dust disposal is a concern in a hard rock mining site which results from blasting operation during mining. Significant amount of rock dust is generated during mining which causes dusting problem as well. In this work, Rock dust was used with red clay to produce ceramic tiles. XRF analysis revealed the existence of more than 60 wt.% SiO2 in red clay and more than 50 wt.% S iO2 in rock dust. Pressed ceramic bodies having different amount (10–30 wt.%) of rock dust were sintered at 1050 °C, 1100 °C and 1150 °C. Different properties were measured for ceramics samples such as water absorption, porosity, mechanical strength, linear shrinkage and bulk density. Lowering of porosity (1.88–10.17%) and water absorption (1.1–6.03%) were found with 10–30 wt.% rock dust addition. Above 50 MPa of compressive strength was found, which is satisfactory for producing ceramic tiles. Microstructures of ceramics samples studied by FESEM provided effective information on structure-property relationships. Maximum quantities of rock dust waste were utilized, in reducing environmental pollution and establishing it as a raw material for ceramics industries. Keywords Rock dust · Strength · Porosity · Microstructure · Ceramic
1 Introduction Waste materials are easy to use as alternative raw materials for the ceramic industry, which are inert, non-dangerous, and produced in high quantities. Obviously such waste must contain chemical constituents like SiO2, Al2O3 which are compatible for mixing with other ingredients of ceramic products. Furthermore, situation will be more favorable if production of the waste is regular and can be found as fine particles. Among such waste materials, marble and granite rejects produced in the cutting process of rocks (e.g. marble and granite) are becoming a concerning factor for industry owners and environmentalists. The processing of rocks in rock mining area generates a large volume of finely divided * Mst. Shanjida Sultana shanjida‑[email protected] 1
Pilot Plant and Process Development Centre, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Institute of Mining, Mineralogy and Metallurgy, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Science Laboratory Road, Khonjonpur, Joypurhat 5900, Bangladesh
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powders, which are rejected as wastes. Depending on chemical composition and particle size after grinding, certain rocks can be used as inert materials to control plasticity of clay-based compositions and as a fluxing additive and sintering aid to lower the firing temperature or increase the content of liquid phase during firing [1–3]. Raw materials for the ceramic industry can be one of three major kinds,
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