Preliminary evaluation of the physical properties of red ceramic incorporated with solid residue
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MRS Advances © 2018 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2018.587
Preliminary evaluation of the physical properties of red ceramic incorporated with solid residue Francine M. Nunesa, Eduarda M. Rangel*,a, Fernando M. Machadoa, Rubens Camarattaa, Letícia P. Cardosob, Lucas J. Nascimentob a
Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), Program Post Graduate in Materials Science and Engineering, Street Gomes Carneiro, number 1, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
b
Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), Undergraduate in Materials Engineering
*[email protected]
Abstract
The food processing industry highlights the daily generation of large amounts of eggshell solid residue. In this way, this residue becomes a non renewable raw material to be reused as an additive in red ceramics, in order to reduce the volume of disposal to the environment and improve the physical properties of the product. The objective of this work was to evaluate the forming moisture, linear shrinkage of drying and shrinkage of drying burning of ceramic test pieces (CS’s) with formulations with 2% and 3% of white eggshell residue (ER) incorporated in clay. The clay and ER were collected in the city of Pelotas-RS. The ER sample was analyzed by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). After pressing, natural and artificial drying was carried out and the CS’s were burned. These were evaluated through normative parameters C-020/95, C-021/95 and C-026/95. The values obtained for the forming moisture were between 5.82 and 8.78%, for the linear shrinkage of drying between 0.10 and 0.43% and, for the linear contraction burning between -0.29 and 0.08%. The results showed that the addition of ER to the ceramic mass helped in the reduction of the forming moisture and the linear shrinkage of the ceramic test pieces.
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INTRODUCTION The incorporation of solid wastes from other industrial activities in ceramic materials has been explored in the last decades as a sustainable possibility of trying to reduce environmental impacts and meeting environmental agency requirements [1, 2]. This alternative is used for the increasing volume of clay extraction, at the same time as the addition of residues, aims to improve mechanical properties in the final product. The incorporation of solid wastes in the ceramic mass has a function of assisting in the processing (acting as a desplasticizer); adjusts the granulometry of mass and favors the drying step; decreases the drying and burning contraction of the product; increases the mechanical strength of the ceramic product [3]. The food processing industry, specifically the industrialization of eggs, underscores the large-scale generation of eggshell solid waste worldwide [4, 5, 6]. According to data from 2014 of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F
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