Influence of Iron Ore Addition on Metallurgical Reaction Behavior of Iron Coke Hot Briquette
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CURRENTLY, global warming has become an increasingly serious issue and has attracted great concern throughout the world since the average atmospheric CO2 level has risen by 6 pct in the last decade.[1] The energy-intensive steel industry, which consumes a large amount of fossil fuel, should assume major responsibility for reducing CO2 emission and energy consumption since it contributes 7 pct of the global CO2 emissions worldwide.[1] Moreover, CO2 discharged from the steel industry accounts for approximately 15 pct of the total CO2 emissions in China.[2] Meanwhile, the blast furnace (BF)-converter process has been the dominant steelmaking route for a long time.[3] In this process, approximately 1.8 t CO2 per ton of liquid steel is generated in BF ironmaking, which shares 80 pct in the
HONGTAO WANG, MANSHENG CHU, WEI ZHAO, ZHENGGEN LIU, and JUE TANG are with the School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China. Contact e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] Manuscript submitted December 28, 2017. Article published online January 2, 2019. 324—VOLUME 50B, FEBRUARY 2019
process.[3,4] Therefore, reducing CO2 emissions and energy consumption in BF ironmaking is greatly significant and crucial for the sustainable development of the steel industry. BF operation with low reducing agent rate (RAR) is an effective approach aimed to realize low-carbon ironmaking, and an improvement in BF reaction efficiency facilitates to achieving the above objective. For this purpose, some innovative technologies have been proposed, such as using carbon iron composite.[5–7] Carbon iron composite (CIC, iron coke, or ferro-coke), prepared by carbonizing coal–iron ore composite agglomeration, is an innovative burden material with high reactivity which can increase the reaction efficiency of a BF as proposed by Natio et al.[8–11] In addition, CIC was successfully produced at a pilot plant in Keihin, and industrial tests showed that 43 kg CIC per ton hot metal charged into the Chiba No. 6 BF (5153 m3) caused a decrease in the RAR by 13 to 15 kg per ton hot metal.[12,13] Furthermore, some investigations on the preparation, gasification, and reaction behavior of iron coke were also performed. Takeda et al.[14] found that the addition of iron ore can result in the deterioration of ferro-coke strength, and a sharp decrease in strength is observed when the addition ratio exceeds 30 pct.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
II.
EXPERIMENTAL
7000 6000
One kind of iron ore concentrate and three kinds of coals were used for the preparation of ICHB. The chemical composition of the iron ore is listed in Table I. The total iron content of iron ore is approximately 64.28 pct and the content of FeO is approximately
1-Fe 2O3 2-Fe 3O4 3-SiO 2
1
5000
2 1
4000 3000
A. Raw Materials
Table I.
7.86 pct. The phase composition of the iron ore as measured by XRD is shown in Figure 1. It is revealed that the main phases of iron ore are hematite (Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), and quartz (SiO2). The proximate analyse
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