Influence of NiO Supported Silica Nanoparticles on Mechanical, Barrier, Optical and Antibacterial Properties of Polylact
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Influence of NiO Supported Silica Nanoparticles on Mechanical, Barrier, Optical and Antibacterial Properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA) Bio Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging Applications V. Ramji 1 & M. Vishnuvarthanan 2 Received: 20 September 2020 / Accepted: 12 November 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract This study aimed to prepare the nickel oxide supported on silica nanoparticles (NiO NPs) incorporated polylactic acid (PLA) bio nanocomposite films of various concentrations (0.25, 0.5. 0.75, 1 wt%) and study the resultant properties of NiO on the tensile, barrier, surface color, opacity and antibacterial properties for food packaging applications. The maximum tensile strength of 16.4 MPa was obtained at 1 wt% of the prepared biocomposite film. The barrier properties like oxygen transmission rate and water vapor transmission rate were significantly reduced and showed a better value of 841.20 (cc / (m2. day. atm)) and 3.96 (g/ m2 /day) on 1 wt% of NiO. The incorporation of NiO NPs increased the surface color (L*, a*, b*) and the opacity values were bio nanocomposite films. Also, the PLA / NiO bio nanocomposite films showed good antibacterial activity against gram-positive (L.monocytogenes) and gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella). Therefore, the prepared bio nanocomposite films could be used as an excellent packaging material for food packaging applications. Keywords PLA . NiO . Tensile strength . OTR . WVTR . Antibacterial
1 Introduction The plastic materials are low cost and have better mechanical and barrier properties making them suitable as food packaging material. But, it is considered as synthetic nondegradable waste and it creates an environmental problem. By considering these environmental issues, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging material has been developed due to the demand for food safety and healthy food [1]. Due to sustainability and environmental friendliness, there is an increasing demand in recent years for biodegradable packaging materials [2, 3]. In these materials, one of the most propitious biodegradable and biocompatible material is polylactic acid (PLA). It is thermoplastic, low cost, good processability, superior mechanical, barrier, and optical properties [4, 5]. Because of * M. Vishnuvarthanan [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025, India
2
Department of Printing Technology, College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025, India
transparent and rigid, it has been used for the manufacture of various products with high mechanical properties [6]. Although PLA is considered biodegradable, it can degrade slowly in the landfill or environment under compost conditions. In food packaging applications, PLA has some confines for industrial use due to its barrier, thermal and antibacterial properties [7, 8], rigidity, low ductility [9], and toughness. These confines can have a higher influence on the quality, food shel
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