Influence of the addition of carbon structures in cellulose cryogels
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Influence of the addition of carbon structures in cellulose cryogels Lídia K. Lazzari1 · Daniele Perondi2 · Ademir J. Zattera2 · Ruth M. C. Santana1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The substitution of carbon structures, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes by biochar, is interesting, since the latter has considerably lower costs and similar properties to other structures. Therefore, the objective of the present paper was to evaluate the influence of the addition of biochar (BC), produced from the pyrolysis of cellulose residues, in order to substitute graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), regarding the thermal, mechanical and adsorption aspects. The cryogels were produced from the cellulose suspension with the addition of 50 and 100 (% w/w in relation to cellulose) of BC or GNP. Extremely light cryogels (with apparent density less than 0.033 g cm−3 and porosity greater than 90%) were produced. The addition of BC and GNP showed similar values in terms of compressive strength, temperature of degradation and thermal conductivity. In the heterogeneous adsorption capacity, however, a significant difference was observed between the two carbon structures studied, and for this property, the GNPs showed a slight increase in the adsorption capacity in relation to BC. In the general context of the properties studied, the biochar has the potential to be used to replace commercially used carbon structures, such as graphene nanoplatelets. Keywords Cellulose cryogel · Biochar · Graphene nanoplatelets · Compressive strength · Thermal conductivity and adsorption
1 Introduction The use of carbon structures (graphene and carbon nanotubes) as precursors in cryogels has become attractive due to its excellent thermal, mechanical and electrical properties. The addition of these materials in cryogels adds properties such as hydrophobicity and compressibility to the remarkable properties of aerogels, such as low density and high porosity [1, 2]. Several authors report research on the development of cellulose aerogels and allotropic forms of carbon, such as: Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-020-00972-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Lídia K. Lazzari [email protected] 1
Post Graduation Program in Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Post‑Graduation Program in Process and Technology Engineering, University of Caxias Do Sul, Caxias Do Sul, RS, Brazil
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graphene oxide [1, 3, 4] and carbon nanotubes [5, 6] (as a carbon source) for different applications. However, the large amount of chemical products and the generation of acidic residues during the synthesis of these precursors, associated with difficult and expensive technologies, in addition to the equipment involved in the preparation, restrict their production on a large-scale [3, 6, 7]. Due to its low cost, non-toxicity to humans and abund
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