Influence of the Design of the Upper Vortex Swirl on Hydrodynamics of a Vortex Dust Collector
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INFLUENCE OF THE DESIGN OF THE UPPER VORTEX SWIRL ON HYDRODYNAMICS OF A VORTEX DUST COLLECTOR R. V. Romanyuk, M. G. Lagutkin, and N. V. Danilenko
UDC 621.928.9
The article presents the results of computer simulation of the gas dynamics of a vortex dust collector and a comparison of the results with experimental data, as well as the results of numerical experiments conducted for various designs of the upper blade vortex swirl of a vortex dust collector. It shows that in the upper axial-blade swirler it is advisable to install five blades, which will ensure the highest possible dust cleaning efficiency without increasing energy consumption. Keywords: vortex dust collector, axial-blade swirl, numerical experiment, hydrodynamics, full-scale experiment, rational design, energy consumption, dust collection efficiency.
The production of various industries is accompanied by the release of substances that pollute the air. Aerosol particles (dust, smoke, fog), gases, vapors, as well as microorganisms and radioactive substances enter the air. Air purification is of great hygienic, environmental and economic importance. With the correct organization of dust collection, the problem of ensuring the standards for maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of pollution in the air of the working area is solved. To remove dust from industrial gases, centrifugal devices are used, primarily dust and gas cyclones [1, 2], but they have such disadvantages as rapid wear of the walls of the apparatus (especially when trapping abrasive dust particles) and low efficiency of capturing fine particles. Vortex dust collectors (VDC) do not typically have such disadvantages, but are characterized by a complex design, which affects the metal consumption and the cost of manufacturing the apparatus [2]. The basis for separating dust from gas in a vortex dust collector (as in a dust-gas cyclone) is the use of centrifugal forces of inertia. However, the vortex dust collector differs from the dust-gas cyclone in the auxiliary swirling ascending gas flow [3–5]. The vortex dust collector [1, 2, 6] (Fig. 1) includes a cylindrical body 1, a branch pipe for the inlet of the starting dusty stream 2, a branch pipe for the inlet of the secondary dusty stream 3, an axial-blade swirler of the primary stream 4, an axial-blade swirler of the secondary stream 5, fairing 6, baffle plate 7, and exhaust pipe 8. The dusty gas flow enters the apparatus through the inlet 2 and the inlet 3, twists and enters the working area of the apparatus. Dust particles under the action of the centrifugal force of inertia move to the walls of the housing 1, then enter the lower part of the apparatus (behind the baffle plate 7) and are removed from the apparatus. Usually, after the baffle plate, there is a bunker, from which dust is discharged periodically. The cleaned air is removed from the device through the exhaust pipe 8. The efficiency of dust collection in a vortex dust collector depends on the tangential component of the velocity of the dust and gas flow. The greater the tangenti
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