Influence of Traffic and Land Use on Pollutant Transport Pathways
This chapter discusses the influence of traffic and land use factors on atmospheric pollutants build-up, dry and wet deposition and build-up on urban surfaces. Heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were the focus of discussion in
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Influence of Traffic and Land Use on Pollutant Transport Pathways
Abstract This chapter discusses the influence of traffic and land use factors on atmospheric pollutants build-up, dry and wet deposition and build-up on urban surfaces. Heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were the focus of discussion in this chapter as these pollutants are ubiquitous in the urban environment, being commonly associated with traffic and anthropogenic activities common to urban areas and are toxic to human and ecosystem health. The research outcomes presented in this chapter confirm the influential role played by atmospheric pollution in stormwater pollution. The study outcomes also highlight the linkage between pollutants species with their potential sources and influential factors. Furthermore, the linkages between pollutants in the atmospheric phase, depositions and build-up on urban surfaces are also identified. For example, Zn was found to be the most abundant heavy metal element present in atmospheric buildup, atmospheric deposition and build-up on road surfaces, whilst light molecular weight PAHs have a higher concentration and spatial variability in both, atmospheric and road surface phases. The analysis also highlighted the influence exerted by heavy duty vehicle traffic on pollution in the urban environment, particularly in industrial land use areas. The knowledge created will contribute to informed decision making for minimising urban stormwater pollution and thereby safeguarding the urban water environment. In addition, these outcomes can also be applied in urban transport planning in order to enhance urban liveability. Keywords Traffic pollutants • Atmospheric build-up • Atmospheric deposition • Pollutants build-up • Urban traffic • Pollutant pathways
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Background
Urban stormwater pollution is influenced by a range of pollutant processes and pathways, which consist of atmospheric build-up, atmospheric deposition and build-up on road surfaces for eventual wash-off by stormwater runoff. These processes and pathways are interrelated and interdependent. In this context, an in-depth understanding of their characteristics is important for designing mitigation strategies to minimise the impacts of urban stormwater pollution and thereby for safeguarding the urban water environment. © The Author(s) 2018 J.M.A. Gunawardena et al., Influence of Traffic and Land Use on Urban Stormwater Quality, SpringerBriefs in Water Science and Technology, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-5302-3_3
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3 Influence of Traffic and Land Use on Pollutant Transport Pathways
This chapter focuses on key outcomes generated by analysing the data obtained from the comprehensive field investigations presented in Chap. 2. Heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the focus of discussion in this chapter as these pollutants are ubiquitous in the urban environment, being commonly associated with traffic and anthropogenic activities common to urban areas and are toxic to human and ecosystem health. In this chapte
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