Injection-Compression-Compression Process for Preparation of High-Performance Conductive Polymeric Composites
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Injection-Compression-Compression Process for Preparation of High-Performance Conductive Polymeric Composites Mengyang Shi 1 & Daming Wu 1,2 & Ying Liu 1 & Yao Huang 1 & Jingyao Sun 1 & Chong Leng 1 Received: 21 February 2019 / Accepted: 31 May 2019 / Published online: 8 June 2019 # Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract Injection-compression-compression (I-C-C) process was studied to prepare polypropylene/ short carbon fiber (PP/SCF) composites. The effects of I-C-C process on the conductive network, fiber distribution and electric conductivity were investigated. The distance between conductive particles of the blending system was reduced by twostage compression, so that the conductive network was compacted. The forming of dense conductive network significantly improved the conductivity. Moreover, I-C-C can effectively interfere with the fiber flow direction to enhance the conductivity of the infiltrated surface. Combined with the microstructure and electrical conductivity, the applicable mold temperature and compression speed range of the I-C-C process for PP can be obtained. The results showed that the electrical conductivity of the I-C-C prepared PP/ SCF was increased up to 5 orders of magnitude higher than that of ordinary injection molding. Conductivity of PP/ 10 wt% SCF conductivity reached 3.7S/m, PP /15 wt% SCF reached 33S/m, and PP/ 20% SCF reached 150S/m. Keywords Composite . Injection . Electrical . Conductivity . Conductive . Network
* Ying Liu [email protected] * Yao Huang [email protected]
1
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No.15 BeiSanhuan East Road, ChaoYang District, Beijing 100029, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No.15 BeiSanhuan East Road, ChaoYang District, Beijing 100029, China
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Applied Composite Materials (2019) 26:1139–1150
1 Introduction Conductive Polymeric Composites (CPCs) are functional polymer materials which have good electrical conductivity (EC) and sensitivity. CPCs are widely used in industrial fields such as antistatic, sensor materials, electromagnetic shielding, electric heating components, conductive plastics, etc. [1–6]. CPCs are usually fabricated by mixing different conductive particles in the polymer [7]. Conductive particles include zero-dimensional (0D) material like carbon black (CB) [8, 9], one-dimensional (1D) material like carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [10–12] or carbon fibers [13] and two-dimensional (2D) grapheme [14]. Conductive percolation is a widely accepted conductive mechanism for polymer-based conductive composites. A sharp rise in conductivity can be observed while reaching a critical filler content [15–18]. CPCs filled with CNTs have lower percolation thresholds and superior electrical properties compared to other CPCs. But the application of carbon nanotubes is limited due to its high processing cost [11, 19]. Therefore, micro-sized additives such as CF are still the most widely used conductive additives. Injection proces
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