Inner Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms of Petroleum Ether Extract from Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb
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Inner Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms of Petroleum Ether Extract from Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb Lei Zhao,1 Jun-Yan Tao,2 Shu-Ling Zhang,1 Ran Pang,1 Feng Jin,3 Ji-Hua Dong,4 and Yuan-Jin Guo5 —
Summary. Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb is a species of traditional medical plant for treating inflammationrelated disease. This study is to explore the inner anti-inflammatory mechanism on petroleum ether extract from Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb. Materials and Methods. Inflammatory cellular model was founded by intervention of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on RAW264.7 cell line. Secretion of TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-6, NO and IL-10 in supernatant, mRNA expression of TNF-a, COX-2, iNOS and HO-1, protein expression of COX-2 and HO-1, activation of NFkB and ingredients in the extract were assayed. Results. The extract could not only reduce production of pro-inflammatory mediators by blocking NF-kB activation but promote release of anti-inflammatory mediator HO-1 significantly. The only active ingredient in the extract was coumarin and the concentration of coumarin in each 1 g extract was 0.27822 mg. Conclusion. Compared to Dexamethasone, the extract not only has similar effects on antagonizing proinflammatory mediators and cytokines but has effects on promoting production of anti-inflammatory mediators. KEY WORDS: Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb; petroleum ether extract; RAW 264.7 cell line; NF-kappaB; HO-1.
the anti-inflammatory properties of the extract from Melilotus officinalis were similar to those of hydrocortisone sodium hemisuccinate and coumarin, and in bone marrow acute phase response, Melilotus officinalis had an inhibitory action that was lower than that of hydrocortisone sodium hemisuccinate and similar to coumarin [1]. However, the inner pathway and different features of the exact from Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb for anti-inflammation had never been investigated before. Generally considering, macrophages play an important role in inflammatory diseases by producing cytokines, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), and other inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins. These cytokines and mediators from macrophages have been found in many inflammatory cells and tissues, along with increased expression of their mRNA, following exposure to immune stimulants, including bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Those pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators are regulated by nuclear factors,
INTRODUCTION Melilotus has long been prescribed in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases [1]. In previous literatures, it was studied that Lei Zhao and Jun-Yan Tao have equally contributed to this work 1
To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Hepatology and Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People_s Republic of China. E-mail: baihuasheshecao@ 163.com 2 College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and T
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