Insufficient sleep duration in association with self-reported pain and corresponding medicine use among adolescents: a c

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Insufficient sleep duration in association with self-reported pain and corresponding medicine use among adolescents: a cross-sectional population-based study in Latvia Solvita Klavina-Makrecka1



Inese Gobina1,2 • Toms Pulmanis1 • Iveta Pudule3 • Anita Villerusa1,2

Received: 28 April 2020 / Revised: 30 August 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020  Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+) 2020

Abstract Objectives Pain among adolescents is prevalent that may negatively affect adolescents’ general well-being of which sleep is an important domain. This study aims to explore the associations between weekly pain and medicine use for relevant pain and insufficient sleep duration among 11-, 13- and 15-year-old adolescents in Latvia by assessing the moderation effect of gender and age. Methods Data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study on 2017/2018 of Latvia (n = 4412; 49.6% boys) were used. Logistic regression was applied to analyse the odds of insufficient sleep (\ 7 h) on schooldays and weekends in association with weekly headache, stomach ache or backache and corresponding medicine use when testing the interaction effect of adolescents’ gender and age. Results The experience of weekly pain with or without medicine use significantly increased the odds of insufficient sleep compared to adolescents with pain less than weekly, while controlling for gender and age. The interaction effect of gender and age on the studied associations was not significant. Conclusions Weekly pain among adolescents is a significant risk factor for insufficient sleep duration, regardless of adolescents’ gender and age. Keywords Sleep  Pain  Medicine use  Adolescents  HBSC

This article is part of the special issue ‘‘Adolescent Health in Central and Eastern Europe’’. & Solvita Klavina-Makrecka [email protected] Inese Gobina [email protected] Toms Pulmanis [email protected] Iveta Pudule [email protected] Anita Villerusa [email protected] 1

Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Riga Stradin ¸ sˇ University, Kronvalda bulv. 9, Riga, LV 1010, Latvia

2

Institute of Public Health, Riga Stradin ¸ sˇ University, Kapsel¸u Str. 23, Riga, Latvia

3

Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Duntes Str. 22, Riga, Latvia

Introduction Sleep is essential for adolescent health and well-being. Different sleep-related problems like difficulties in getting to sleep (Ghekiere et al. 2019; Gradisar et al. 2011), late bedtimes (Patte et al. 2017) and sleep disruption (Short et al. 2013) are prevalent among adolescents that may affect a total amount of sleep duration that is one of the sleep health domains (Buysse 2014). According to the recommendations of the National Sleep Foundation (NSF) and the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth, children and adolescents aged 6–13 years are recommended to obtain 9–11 h of sleep, while for adolescents aged 14–17 years sleep duration from 8 to 10 h is recommended (National Sleep Foun