Intensive slurry management and climate change promote nitrogen mining from organic matter-rich montane grassland soils
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Intensive slurry management and climate change promote nitrogen mining from organic matter-rich montane grassland soils Marcus Schlingmann & Ursina Tobler & Bernd Berauer & Noelia Garcia-Franco & Peter Wilfahrt & Martin Wiesmeier & Anke Jentsch & Benjamin Wolf & Ralf Kiese & Michael Dannenmann
Received: 29 April 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Aims Consequences of climate change and land use intensification on the nitrogen (N) cycle of organic-matter rich grassland soils in the alpine region remain poorly understood. We aimed to identify fates of fertilizer N and to determine the overall N balance of an organic-matter rich grassland in the European alpine region as influenced by intensified management and warming. Responsible Editor: Martin Weih. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04697-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. M. Schlingmann : U. Tobler : B. Wolf : R. Kiese : M. Dannenmann (*) Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kreuzeckbahnstraße 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany e-mail: [email protected] B. Berauer : P. Wilfahrt : A. Jentsch Department of Disturbance Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
: M. Wiesmeier
N. Garcia-Franco Chair of Soil Sciences, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 2, 85354 Freising, Germany M. Wiesmeier Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute for Organic Farming, Soil and Resource Management, Lange Point 6, 85354 Freising, Germany
Methods We combined 15N cattle slurry labelling with a space for time climate change experiment, which was based on translocation of intact plant-soil mesocosms down an elevational gradient to induce warming of +1 °C and + 3 °C. Mesocosms were subject to either extensive or intensive management. The fate of slurry-N was traced in the plant-soil system. Results Grassland productivity was very high (8.2 t 19.4 t dm ha−1 yr−1), recovery of slurry 15N in mowed plant biomass was, however, low (9.6–14.7%), illustrating low fertilizer N use efficiency and high supply of plant available N via mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM). Higher 15N recovery rates (20.2– 31.8%) were found in the soil N pool, dominated by recovery in unextractable N. Total 15N recovery was approximately half of the applied tracer, indicating substantial loss to the environment. Overall, high N export by harvest (107–360 kg N ha−1 yr−1) markedly exceeded N inputs, leading to a negative grassland N balance. Conclusions Here provided results suggests a risk of soil N mining in montane grasslands, which increases both under climate change and land use intensification. Keywords Grassland soils . 15N tracing . Nitrogen balance . Productivity . Ni
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