Interference with daily functioning by breakthrough pain in patients with cancer
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Interference with daily functioning by breakthrough pain in patients with cancer Jung Hun Kang 1 & Su-Jin Koh 2 & So Yeon Oh 3 & Rock Bum Kim 4 & Seong Hoon Shin 5 & Yun-Gyoo Lee 6 & Bong-Seog Kim 7 & Hun Mo Ryoo 8 & So Young Yoon 9 & Joung Soon Jang 10 & Ho-Suk Oh 11 & Young Jin Choi 12 & Moon Hee Lee 13 & Kyung-Hee Lee 14 Received: 25 September 2019 / Accepted: 27 January 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose To investigate the association between quality of life (QOL) and breakthrough cancer pain (BTCP) intensity in patients who met the commonly accepted definition of BTCP. Methods This study was a subset analysis of a South Korean multicenter, non-interventional, cross-sectional, nationwide survey. Participants were recruited from March 2016 to December 2017. BTCP was defined as a controlled background pain of less than a numeric rating scale (NRS) of 3 and any flare-up pain intensity. Pain intensity data were collected using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), which includes an interference assessment of the affective and physical domains. Patients were categorized by BTCP intensity into mild (NRS 1–3), moderate (4–6), and severe (7–10) groups. Results Of the 969 screened patients with cancer, 679 had ≤ NRS 3 background pain, of whom 438 completed the BPI. Of these 438 patients, 40, 204, and 194 were in the mild, moderate, and severe BTCP groups, respectively. The median NRS of BTCP was 6.0 (interquartile range = 5.0–8.0). Patients with moderate-severe BTCP had significantly higher interference with daily functioning (IDF) scores than did mild BTCP patients (3.3 vs. 5.7; p < 0.01). Both domains of IDF were significantly hampered proportionally by increased BTCP intensity (p < 0.001). The median total IDF scores of the no, moderate, and severe BTCP groups were 3.3, 5.0, and 6.9, respectively. Furthermore, IDF depended on BTCP intensity, duration, and frequency (p < 0.01) but not on pain type and cause. Conclusion An increase in BTCP intensity is likely to result in IDF, regardless of the cause or type of BTCP. Keywords Breakthrough cancer pain . Brief pain inventory . Interference with daily functioning . Quality of life
* Kyung-Hee Lee [email protected] 1
Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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Department of Internal medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea Department of Preventive Medicine, Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Disease Center, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hemato-Oncology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Ce
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