Pain is a common problem in patients with ILD
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RESEARCH
Pain is a common problem in patients with ILD Qinxue Shen1,2,3, Ting Guo1,2,3, Min Song1,2,3, Wei Guo1,2,3, Yi Zhang1,2,3, Wang Duan1,2,3, Yating Peng1,2,3, Shanshan Ni1,2,3, Xiaoli Ouyang1,2,3 and Hong Peng1,2,3*
Abstract Background: As it is less known about the prevalence and characteristics of pain in the patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), this paper aims at determining the characteristics of the pain in the patients with ILD. Methods: Subjects with ILD and health controls with the matched ages and genders completed Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and part of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Short Form to elicit the characteristics of the pain. The patients with ILD were also assessed through Pulmonary Function Test, Six Minutes Walking Test (6MWT), modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) for state of the illness and measured health-related quality of life (HRQoL) by Short Form-36 (SF-36) and psychological associations by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: A total of 63 subjects with ILD and 63 healthy controls (HC) were recruited in our study. The prevalence of the pain was 61.9% in ILD versus 25.3% in HC (P = 0.005) and the median score of the pain rank index (PRI) in ILD was higher than that in HC (P = 0.014). Chest (46.1%) accounted for the highest of overall pain locations in subjects with ILD. Associated clinical factors for pain intensity in the patients with ILD included exposure history of risk factors of ILD, with a longer distance of 6MWD (≥ 250 m), and a higher mMRC score (2–4). The patients with ILD and pain are more likely to suffer impaired HRQoL (P = 0.0014) and psychological problems (P = 0.0017, P = 0.044). Conclusion: The pain is common in those with ILD and the pain intensity is associated with exposure history, 6MWD, and mMRC score. The patients with ILD and pain were possibly to suffer depression, anxiety, and impaired HRQoL. Keywords: Interstitial lung disease (ILD), Short form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Six minutes walking test (6MWT), Brief pain inventory (BPI), Modified medical research council dyspnea scale (mMRC), Short form-36 (SF-36), Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), Healthy controls (HC) Introduction Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) refer to a complex and large group of diseases that are typically characterized by the basic pathological changes of diffuse lung parenchyma, alveolar inflammation, and interstitial fibrosis with substantial morbidity and mortality [1, 2], which *Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central-South University, NO.139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
are somewhat challenging due to their unknown causes. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and connective tissue disease-associated ILD (CTD-ILD) are common subtypes of ILDs. As the progress of diseases, patients with ILD a
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