Interleukin (IL)-10 Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Nephropathy: A Study of Pati
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Interleukin (IL)-10 Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Nephropathy: A Study of Patients from the Southeast Region of Iran Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi,1,2,3 Mohammad Reza Mirzaei,2,6,7 Seyed Mohammad Ali Sajadi,4 Gholamhossein Hassanshahi,2 Behzad Nasiri Ahmadabadi,3 Vajihe Akbarpour Salehabadi,2 Reza Derakhshan,4 and Derek Kennedy5
Abstract—The impact of several environmental and genetic factors on diabetes and its complications is well documented. It has also been established that cytokines play a key role in the regulation of immune responses which have been shown to be important in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Studies showed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the −592 region of interleukin-10 (IL10) are associated with the regulation of its expression. In this study, we aimed to find polymorphisms of this region that may be associated to type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients with and without nephropathy. In this study, peripheral blood samples were collected from 100 T2D patients without nephropathy, 100 T2D patients with nephropathy, and 100 healthy controls. DNA was extracted, and a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was performed to examine the polymorphisms within the −592 region of the IL-10 gene. Our results showed a significant difference between the genotypes and alleles of the −592 region of IL-10 in nephropathic and non-nephropathic patients in comparison to the healthy controls. The differences between the two patient groups in relation to genotypes and alleles were not significant. Results of this study suggest that the functional gene polymorphism of IL-10 reported here may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, but it seems that these polymorphisms do not have an effect on the nephropathic complications of the disease. KEY WORDS: IL-10; diabetes; nephropathy; polymorphism.
INTRODUCTION
1
Department of Microbiology, Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran 2 Molecular-Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran 3 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran 4 Ali-Ebne Abitaleb Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Science, Rafsanjan, Iran 5 School of Biomolecular and Physical Science, Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia 6 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran 7 To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]
The frequency of diabetes mellitus is increasing globally, and it is expected that this latent disorder will affect 200 million people by 2010 and 300 million in 2025 [1]. Type 2, sometimes referred to as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or adult-onset diabetes, is th
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