International Handbook of War, Torture, and Terrorism

Armed conflict, on domestic or foreign soil, impacts people’s daily lives and shapes policy around the world. Millions live with the threat of terrorism, whether from random sources or known enemies. And the acceptability of torture is debated by politici

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Kathleen Malley-Morrison Sherri McCarthy Denise Hines Editors

International Handbook of War, Torture, and Terrorism

Peace Psychology Book Series Series Editor: Daniel J. Christie

For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7298

Kathleen Malley-Morrison Sherri McCarthy • Denise Hines Editors

International Handbook of War, Torture, and Terrorism

Editors Kathleen Malley-Morrison Department of Psychology Boston University Boston, MA, USA

Sherri McCarthy Department of Educational Psychology Northern Arizona University Yuma, AZ, USA

Denise Hines Department of Psychology Clark University Worcester, MA, USA

ISBN 978-1-4614-1637-1 ISBN 978-1-4614-1638-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-1638-8 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012946726 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

In the first decade of the twenty-first century, every continent except Antarctica witnessed at least one major assault from forces within or beyond their borders; in some areas, armed conflict was prolonged. All of these incursions have had enormous impact on ordinary people and civil society.1 Moreover, regions that were not themselves subjected to direct assaults often sent troops