Interrelatedness of Biota Revealed in Fossil Trees from the Permian Fossil Forest of Northern Tocantins, Central-North B
While knowledge about the paleobiology of plants has increased considerably, knowledge of the various interactions between trees, climbers, epiphytes, and other coexisting organisms has unfortunately remained limited. Besides morphology, anatomy, reproduc
- PDF / 3,596,983 Bytes
- 47 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 44 Downloads / 145 Views
Contents Glossary of Terms/List of Abbreviations, Symbols, and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Sources of Paleoecological Evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Advantage of Tree Ferns in Hosting Other Organisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grammatopteris – Rare Tree Fern Accommodating Various Plant Organs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psaroniaceous Ferns and Their Associates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sphenophyllum – Frequent Climber at Different Hosts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Role of Other Organisms Facilitating Interrelationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cross-References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 3 5 9 12 18 26 28 40 40 41
Abstract
While knowledge about the paleobiology of plants has increased considerably, knowledge of the various interactions between trees, climbers, epiphytes, and other coexisting organisms has unfortunately remained limited. Besides R. Rößler (*) Museum für Naturkunde, Chemnitz, Germany TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Geological Institute, Freiberg, Germany e-mail: [email protected] R. Noll Tiefenthal, Germany e-mail: [email protected] V. Annacker Museum für Naturkunde, Chemnitz, Germany e-mail: [email protected] S. Niemirowska Private Palaeobotanical Laboratory of Fossil Wood, Warsaw, Poland e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 R. Iannuzzi et al. (eds.), Brazilian Paleofloras, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90913-4_11-1
1
2
R. Rößler et al.
morphology, anatomy, reproduction of plants, or even composition and distribution of their communities in space and time, only a thorough study of ecological aspects, the interrelatedness of all organisms, will lead to an all-encompassing understanding of ancient forests. In this contribution, we examine diverse interactions between plants, animals, and putative microorganisms from Permian rocks of northern Tocantins state, central-north Brazil. The plant fossils derive from sedimentary strata of the Parnaíba Basin and are anatomically preserved as siliceous petrifactions. As majo
Data Loading...
