Intestinal Microorganisms of Termites and Other Invertebrates
Soil microorganisms play a major role in the degradation and recycling of organic material. Microbes are involved in the food web and strongly contribute to soil fertility. In the past, attention was mainly directed towards free-living or particle-bound m
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Volumes published in the series
Volume 1 A. Singh, O.P. Ward (Eds.) Applied Bioremediation and Phytoremediation 2004 Volume 2 A. Singh, O.P. Ward (Eds.) Biodegradation and Bioremediation 2004 Volume 3 F. Buscot, A. Varma (Eds.) Microorganisms in Soils: Roles in Genesis and Functions 2005 Volume 4 S. Declerck, D.-G. Strullu, J.A. Fortin (Eds.) In Vitro Culture of Mycorrhizas 2005 Volume 5 R. Margesin, F. Schinner (Eds.) Manual for Soil Analysis – Monitoring and Assessing Soil Bioremediation 2005
Helmut König Ajit Varma (Eds.)
Intestinal Microorganisms of Termites and Other Invertebrates With 86 Figures, 7 in Color
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Prof. Dr. Helmut König Johannes Gutenberg University Institute of Microbiology and Wine Research 55099 Mainz Germany e-mail: [email protected] Prof. Dr. Ajit Varma Director Amity School of Herbal and Microbial Studies Sector 125 New Super Express Highway Noida, 201303, UP India e-mail: [email protected]
Library of Congress Control Number: 2005929881
ISSN 1613-3382 ISBN-10 3-540-28180-0 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-540-28180-1 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
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Foreword
Insects and other invertebrates ranging from nematodes to earthworms, isopods and millipeds usually host many microorganisms in both their intestinal tracts and tissues. Outside of the gut these organisms are usually found in the hemolymph or are restricted to specialized bacteriocytes (mycetocytes) and mycetoms. Many microorganisms have been characterized morphologically (for example, compilation by Edward A. Steinhaus 1967) and their transfer to other developmental stages has been studied thoroughly (Paul Buchner 1953). In the gut this intra- and extracellular microbial diversity is often reflected by culturable forms but due to molecular techniques more and more species can be identified taxonomically. It also became evident that arthropo
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