Introduction to Plasma Spectroscopy

Although based on lectures given for graduate students and postgraduates starting in plasma physics, this concise introduction to the fundamental processes and tools is as well directed at established researchers who are newcomers to spectroscopy and seek

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SPRINGER SERIES ON ATOMIC, OPTICAL AND PLASMA PHYSICS 56

Introduction to Plasma Spectroscopy 123

Springer Series on

atomic, optical, and plasma physics

56

Springer Series on

atomic, optical, and plasma physics The Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics covers in a comprehensive manner theory and experiment in the entire f ield of atoms and molecules and their interaction with electromagnetic radiation. Books in the series provide a rich source of new ideas and techniques with wide applications in f ields such as chemistry, materials science, astrophysics, surface science, plasma technology, advanced optics, aeronomy, and engineering. Laser physics is a particular connecting theme that has provided much of the continuing impetus for new developments in the f ield. The purpose of the series is to cover the gap between standard undergraduate textbooks and the research literature with emphasis on the fundamental ideas, methods, techniques, and results in the f ield. Please view available titles in Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics on series homepage http://www.springer.com/series/411

Hans-Joachim Kunze

Introduction to Plasma Spectroscopy With 87 Figures

123

Professor em. Dr. Hans-Joachim Kunze Ruhr-Universit¨at Institut f¨ur Experimentalphysik V 44780 Bochum, Germany E-mail: [email protected]

Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics ISSN 1615-5653 ISBN 978-3-642-02232-6 e-ISBN 978-3-642-02233-3 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-02233-3 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009931048 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specif ically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microf ilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specif ic statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: SPi Publisher Services Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science Business+Media (www.springer.com)

To Regina, Stefanie and Martina

Preface

This book is based on lectures given at the Ruhr-University of Bochum for graduate and postgraduates students starting their studies on plasma physics, but it is as well directed at established researchers who are newcomers to spectroscopy and need quick access to the diagnostics of plasmas ranging from low to high density technical systems at low temperatures as well from