Invasive Weed Optimized Area Centralized 2 Degree of Freedom Combined PID Controller Scheme for Automatic Generation Con
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Invasive Weed Optimized Area Centralized 2 Degree of Freedom Combined PID Controller Scheme for Automatic Generation Control Mohammed Azaharahmed1 · K. Raja1 · Muzeeb Khan Patan1 · Ch. Durga Prasad2 · P. Ganeshan3 Received: 15 May 2020 / Revised: 17 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020
Abstract Frequency disturbances caused by load perturbations of multi area interconnected power system are reduced by using proper control schemes provided via secondary control loop along with primary control of generation plants. These secondary controllers provide simultaneous control signal to individual machines of a particular area when the control scheme is area centralized. This area centralized mechanism provides quick control action with less computational burden since control problem dimensions gets reduced even the area consists multiple plants/machines. Such centralized new cascade control scheme is proposed in this paper to supervise the secondary control mechanism and it is implemented with parallel connection of 2-Degree of Freedom Proportional-Integral-Derivative (2-DOF PID) controller combined with regular PID controller. The performance of this new controller is studied on multi area multi machine interconnected power system with participation factor concept and later its relative performance in terms of dynamic and steady state specifications are compared with conventional PID and 2-DOF PID controllers. These control parameters are tuned by Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) algorithm to achieve better system outputs. Case studies presented in this paper show the advantages of proposed control scheme. Keywords Automatic generation control (AGC) · 2-DOF-PID controller · Invasive weed optimization algorithm
1 Introduction Power imbalance between electrical sources and utilities causes frequency deviations and they need to be minimized to maintain healthy condition of the system. Automatic load frequency control is the mechanism to maintain system frequency as constant by taking appropriate actions on generation side which compensate the power imbalance on utility side [1]. For conventional sources like thermal and hydro, secondary control action is much needed as the electrical power generation of such conventional sources is flexible in the system. Wide variety of secondary control mechanisms
* Mohammed Azaharahmed [email protected] 1
Anna University College of Engineering Dindigul, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu 624622, India
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur 492010, India
3
Sethu Institute of Technology, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu 626115, India
were proposed in this area with the help of intelligent and/ or heuristic algorithms. Along with primary regulation, secondary control loop provide additional control signal to the plant with the help of classical controllers have been extensively used in literature [1, 2]. These controllers placed at secondary control loop utiliz
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