Salp Swarm Optimized PID Controller for Frequency Control of Hybrid Power System with UC and UPFC
Our work utilizes a classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for load frequency control (LFC) of hybrid power system. The HPS consists of photovoltaic, wind, fuel cell, diesel energy generator and ultra-capacitor one unit of each. A rec
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Abstract Our work utilizes a classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for load frequency control (LFC) of hybrid power system. The HPS consists of photovoltaic, wind, fuel cell, diesel energy generator and ultra-capacitor one unit of each. A recently proposed algorithm called salp swarm algorithm (SSA) is utilized to tune the parameters of PID controller. Initially, the system considered only ultracapacitor (UC) and the frequency deviation characteristics for different conditions have derived. Later, the system is simulated by considering both UC and unified power flow controller (UPFC) and the frequency deviation characteristics for the same are compared with the previous one. A combination of PID-UC-UPFC outperforms the PID-UC by stabilizing the frequency fluctuations under varied operating conditions. Keywords Load frequency control · Hybrid power system · PID controller · Unified power flow controller
1 Introduction Energy crisis is a major issue of the modern power sector in twenty-first century. Increased petroleum prices, huge load demand and limited fossil fuel are making the power system engineer to look for alternative energy resources to tackle the energy crisis problem [1]. This makes an opportunity to use natural resources which are abundantly available on the earth. So during last few decades, huge no. of research on implementation of renewable sources like wind, PV on conventional grid has been going on. This implies to the concept of hybrid power system [2]. Renewable sources like wind turbine generator (WTG) and photovoltaic generator (PVG) D. Mohanty (B) · S. Panda Department of Electrical Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Sambalpur 768018, Odisha, India e-mail: [email protected] S. Panda e-mail: [email protected] © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 R. Sharma et al. (eds.), Green Technology for Smart City and Society, Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 151, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8218-9_10
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help in reducing greenhouse gas emissions thus reducing global warming [3]. Use of renewable sources offers the advantages of localized generations thus reducing the transmission line loss and its cost [3]. They also offer an easy of control and maintenance of the generations. For some remote areas where grid supply is difficult to reach, hybrid power system can still power up the area with its own generation [4]. Unlike conventional grid, HPS is a self-sufficient technology as it has the energy storage facility to provide reliable power. Renewable sources like WTG and PVG are primary components of the HPS. But these sources are stochastic in nature owing to environmental factors. To prevent any failure of power supply during the absence of renewable sources, distributed generations like fuel cell (FC), diesel energy generator (DEG) and energy storage system (ESS) are also implemented in the system [2]. The prim
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