Investigation of thermochemical process of coal particle packed bed reactions for the development of UCG
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Investigation of thermochemical process of coal particle packed bed reactions for the development of UCG Tata Sutardi1,2 • Linwei Wang1,3 • Nader Karimi4 • Manosh C. Paul1
Received: 30 March 2020 / Revised: 9 June 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 The Author(s) 2020
Abstract In this study, a packed bed reactor was developed to investigate the gasification process of coal particles. The effects of coal particle size and heater temperature of reactor were examined to identify the thermochemical processes through the packed bed. Three different coal samples with varying size, named as A, B, and C, are used, and the experimental results show that the packed bed with smaller coal size has higher temperature, reaching 624 C, 582 C, and 569 C for coal A, B, and C, respectively. In the case of CO formation, the smaller particle size has greater products in the unit of mole fraction over the area of generation. However, the variation in the porosity of the packed bed due to different coal particle sizes affects the reactions through the oxygen access. Consequently, the CO formation is least from the coal packed bed formed by the smallest particle size A. A second test with the temperature variations shows that the higher heater temperature promotes the chemical reactions, resulting in the increased gas products. The findings indicate the important role of coal seam porosity in underground coal gasification application, as well as temperature to promote the syngas productions. Keywords Thermochemical process Particle packed bed Coal particle gasification Gas products Underground coal gasification (UCG)
1 Introduction The Survey of Energy Resources was published in 2016, which estimated that the world coal reserves are approximately 890 billion tonnes (World Energy Council 2013), & Manosh C. Paul [email protected] 1
Systems, Power and Energy Research Division, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
2
The Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Jakarta, Republic of Indonesia
3
Centre for Renewable Energy Systems Technologies (CREST), Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
4
School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London 1E 4NS, UK
and there are another greater resources, which are not mineable in deep underground. Underground coal gasification (UCG) technology is, therefore, an option to utilise this type of coal reserve (Yang et al. 2014; Bhutto et al. 2013). Through this process, coal as a type of fuel can be extracted in a gas phase, which is known as synthesis gas or syngas. The study of UCG has been carried out for many years, through laboratory scale experiment to pilot plant demonstration, as well as through computational simulation (Khan et al. 2015). However, the challenges are still there, which need to be overcome for a successful development and deployment of a UCG technology (Walker 2007). Some of the nota
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