Investigation on tribological performance of CuO vegetable-oil based nanofluids for grinding operations
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Investigation on tribological performance of CuO vegetable-oil based nanofluids for grinding operations Mirsadegh Seyedzavvar1 • Hossein Abbasi2 • Mehdi Kiyasatfar3 • Reza Najati Ilkhchi2
Received: 28 November 2019 / Revised: 23 February 2020 / Accepted: 8 June 2020 Shanghai University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract With ball-bearing and tribofilm lubrication effects, CuO vegetable oil-based nanofluids have exhibited excellent anti-wear and friction reduction properties. In this study, CuO nanofluids were synthesized by a one-step electro discharge process in distilled water containing polysorbate-20 and vegetable oil as a nanoparticle stabilizer and source of fatty-acid molecules in the base fluid, respectively. Pin-on-disk tribotests were conducted to evaluate the lubrication performance of synthesized CuO nanofluids between brass/steel contact pairs under various loadings. Surface grinding experiments under minimum lubrication conditions were also performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the synthesized nanofluids in improving the machining characteristics and surface quality of machined parts. The results of pin-on-disk tests revealed that adding nanofluids containing 0.5% and 1% (mass fraction) CuO nanoparticles to the base fluid reduced the wear rate by 66.7% and 71.2%, respectively, compared with pure lubricant. The lubricating action of 1% (mass fraction) CuO nanofluid reduced the ground surface roughness by up to 30% compared with grinding using lubricant without nano-additives. These effects were attributed to the formation of a lubrication film between the contact pairs, providing the rolling and healing functions of CuO nanoparticles to the sliding surfaces. The micrography & Mirsadegh Seyedzavvar [email protected] 1
Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Tu¨rkes¸ University of Science and Technology, Adana, Turkey
2
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3
School of Science and Engineering, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan
of ground surfaces using a scanning electron microscope confirmed the tribological observations. Keywords CuO nanofluids Tribology Lubrication Wear Coefficient of friction Surface roughness
1 Introduction The addition of nanoparticles to lubricating oils has proven to be an effective technique for improving the tribological performance of these oils [1]. These improvements have been attributed to the diffusivity, surface-mending, and lubrication-film formation of these nanoparticles on contact pairs [2–4]. The application of MoS2 [5], hexagonal boron nitrite (hBN) [6], TiO2, CuO [7], ZrO2, SiO2, and Al2O3 [8], graphene oxide and carbon anion [9], graphene [10] nanoparticles, graphene nanoplatelets [11], and single and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) [12] have successfully modified the performance of base fluids in different machining and tribological experiments. However, the differences in the atomic structure and physical characteristics of these particles have
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