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Particle Acceleration and Detection The series Particle Acceleration and Detection is devoted to monograph texts dealing with all aspects of particle acceleration and detection research and advanced teaching. The scope also includes topics such as beam physics and instrumentation as well as applications. Presentations should strongly emphasize the underlying physical and engineering sciences. Of particular interest are • contributions which relate fundamental research to new applications beyond the immediate realm of the original field of research • contributions which connect fundamental research in the aforementioned fields to fundamental research in related physical or engineering sciences • concise accounts of newly emerging important topics that are embedded in a broader framework in order to provide quick but readable access of very new material to a larger audience The books forming this collection will be of importance for graduate students and active researchers alike. Series Editors: Alexander Chao SLAC 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA Christian W. Fabjan CERN PPE Division 1211 Gen`eve 23 Switzerland Frank Zimmermann CERN SL-Division AP Group 1211 Gen`eve 23 Switzerland

For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/5267

Ragnar Hellborg · Harry J. Whitlow · Yanwen Zhang Editors

Ion Beams in Nanoscience and Technology With a Foreword by Sir Michael W. Thompson

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Editors Ragnar Hellborg Lund University Department of Physics S¨olvegatan 14 SE-223 62 Lund Sweden [email protected]

Harry J. Whitlow Department of Physics University of Jyv¨askyl¨a FI-40014 Jyv¨askyl¨a Finland

Yanwen Zhang Pacific Northwest National Laboratory P.O.Box 999 Richland WA 99352 USA

ISSN 1611-1052 ISBN 978-3-642-00622-7 e-ISBN 978-3-642-00623-4 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-00623-4 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009927002 c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009  This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

To Gun, Ingegerd and Bill

Foreword

To make things, however large or small, one needs tools and measuring instrume