IoT-Based Intelligent Residential Kitchen Fire Prevention System
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
IoT‑Based Intelligent Residential Kitchen Fire Prevention System Juan Yépez1 · Seok‑Bum Ko1 Received: 6 February 2020 / Revised: 22 July 2020 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020
Abstract Our paper presents a novel fire prevention system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that uses the Ethereum distributed ledger (blockchain) to build a verifiable record of fire risk events. Our proposed system can operate off- and online and does not require additional electrical installation, thereby lowering homeowner costs. The device plugs into the stove’s outlet, and when smoke is detected, the device discontinues electricity to the stove and informs the homeowner via a smartphone notification. The homeowner can restore electricity through a wireless button located close to the stove. The system uses a webservice based on Google Firebase to establish connection between the IoT device and the smartphone. Our system uses a Smart Contract (SC) engraved in the blockchain to register trigger events from the IoT device and its sensor. We use a virtual Ethereum node supported by Infura infrastructure to provide stability when an event is published. Apps are available for Android and iOS devices that allow a homeowner to control and turn off their stove and receive alerts about the state of the sensors. We propose a 950–50 ms sleep–wake cycle configuration for the IoT module to limit power consumption. Our configurations allow our system to consume on average only 9.8 mW. Our product is an innovative achievement for fire prevention systems. Keywords IoT · Prevention system · Smart homes · Firebase
1 Introduction Every year in North America over 3000 people die in their homes from kitchen fires [1], of which unattended cooking is the leading cause [3, 4]. Kitchen fires can be devastating and very costly; in Canada, there was over $1.2 billion in direct property damage due to unattended cooking over a 4-year period (2013–2017) [2]. Ovens are the main source of accidental residential fires [3, 5]. Consequently, the development of modern and intelligent fire prevention systems may help to save lives and keep properties safe. Current fire alarm systems consist of detectors connected to some alert system which can be visual, audial, or a combination thereof. However, timely human intervention is still required to avoid costly fire damage. Moreover, replacing an alarm system with more modern technology may be marred * Seok‑Bum Ko [email protected] Juan Yépez [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
by requiring installation by a journeyman electrician, which adds monetary and time costs to the end user—a contributing factor to why old fire prevention systems are not updated. Simplifying the process, e.g., by adding wireless and “plug and play” capabilities, could make fire prevention systems more affordable and accessible to more homeowners and landlords, thereby increasing the likelihood
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