Is Axial Spondyloarthritis More Common Than Rheumatoid Arthritis?
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SPONDYLOARTHRITIS (M KHAN, SECTION EDITOR)
Is Axial Spondyloarthritis More Common Than Rheumatoid Arthritis? Nurullah Akkoc 1 & Muhammad A. Khan 2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review To discuss the disease incidence and prevalence rates of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) relative to those of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent Findings According to the most recently published systematic reviews, pooled prevalence estimates for RA are 0.38% in North America, and 0.21 to 0.25% in European subregions, while that of AS is 0.20% in North America and 0.25% in Europe. The estimated prevalence of axSpA has been reported to be approximately twice as common as AS in a study from the USA. This finding has also been supported by studies from northern Norway, central Italy, western Turkey, northern and southern regions of China, and rural Taiwan. These data suggest that axSpA, that encompasses AS, may be more prevalent than RA, at least in some countries. Summary In general, higher occurrences of RA relative to AS have been noted worldwide, both in terms of incidence and prevalence. But axSpA, that encompasses AS, may be more prevalent than RA, at least in some countries. There is a need for concurrently run studies in the same population for a reliable comparison to establish occurrence of RA, AS, and axSpA. It is hoped that the implementation of the ICD-11 codes for axSpA will be helpful in determining a more accurate estimate of its incidence and prevalence. Keywords Rheumatoid arthritis . Spondyloarthritis . Axial spondyloarthritis . Ankylosing spondylitis . Epidemiology . Incidence . Prevalence
Introduction Musculoskeletal conditions affect people across all ages around the world. Recognition and understanding of the burden posed by these conditions on the society is important for determining the health needs of the community so that the goals, objectives, and priorities are set to ensure efficient allocation and management of healthcare resources. For that purpose, descriptive epidemiologic studies are conducted to specify disease occurrence rates of musculoskeletal diseases This article is part of the Topical Collection on Spondyloarthritis * Nurullah Akkoc [email protected] Muhammad A. Khan [email protected] 1
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
2
MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
to estimate their disease burden and target effective management strategy at regional, national, and global levels. Disease occurrence is assessed by two types of measures: prevalence and incidence. & &
Incidence measures new cases that develop over a specified time period. It is helpful in assessing disease etiology and identifying risk factors. Prevalence measures the proportion of existing cases at a point in time, or during an interval of time, and is more useful for assessing disease b
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