Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: the Common Thread
- PDF / 715,387 Bytes
- 13 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 16 Downloads / 175 Views
REVIEW ARTICLE
Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: the Common Thread Namrata S. Jajoo 1
&
Anup U. Shelke 1 & Rajat S. Bajaj 2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Periodontitis (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are immuno-inflammatory diseases where leukocyte infiltration and inflammatory mediators induce alveolar bone loss, synovitis and joint destruction, respectively. One percent of the human population is affected by RA which is an autoimmune disease that target modified self-epitopes while 11% of the global adult population are affected by severe chronic periodontitis in which commensal microflora on the tooth surface is replaced by a dysbiotic consortium of bacteria that promote the chronic inflammatory destruction of periodontal tissue. Despite differences in aetiology, RA and periodontitis show similarity in terms of pathogenesis; both diseases involve chronic inflammation fuelled by pro-inflammatory cytokines, connective tissue breakdown and bone erosion. The two diseases also share risk factors such as smoking and ageing and have strong epidemiological, serological and clinical associations. In this review aetiology, clinical and experimental evidence supporting this association is discussed and the potential mechanisms involved in linking periodontitis to RA are presented. Keywords Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) . NSAIDs . Periodontitis . Rheumatoid arthritis . Treatment
Abbreviations ACPAs Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies AMPAs Anti-modified protein antibodies COX Cyclooxygenase DMARDs Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs LPS Lipopolysaccharides PAD Peptidylarginine deiminases PD Periodontitis
* Namrata S. Jajoo [email protected] Anup U. Shelke [email protected] Rajat S. Bajaj [email protected] 1
Department of Periodontics, Dr. Hedgewar Smruti Rugna Seva Mandal’s Dental College and Hospital, Hingoli, Maharashtra 431513, India
2
Department of Orthodontics, Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal’s Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440001, India
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints, particularly the small joints of the hands and feet, with progressive destruction resulting in variable degrees of deformity and functional disability. Inflammation plays a key role in the origin of RA [1]. Rheumatoid arthritis was first described clinically in an 1800 doctoral thesis by Landre-Beauvais, a French medical student who called it the “primary aesthetic gout”. Later in 1859, Sir Alfred Garred established the distinction between rheumatoid arthritis and gout and he called the condition as rheumatoid arthritis [2]. Periodontitis is also a chronic inflammatory condition initiated by bacterial accumulation on the interface between the teeth and gingiva and modified by genetics, environments (e.g. smoking) and the host inflammatory reaction. The similarities between RA and periodontitis were first recognized by Snyderman and McCarty in 1982, and since
Data Loading...
