Is God a Scientist? A Dialogue between Science and Religion

The scriptures of the Faiths use models to depict what God is like; namely Father, Mother, Husband, Judge, Lover, Friend, shepherd and so on. Science also uses models to advance its knowledge, and in a scientific age a model of God as the Cosmic Scientist

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Also by Robert Crawford CAN WE EVER KILL? (second enlarged edition) JOURNEY INTO APARTHEID MAKING SENSE OF THE STUDY OF RELIGION A PORTRAIT OF THE ULSTER PROTESTANTS THE SAGA OF GOD INCARNATE (second enlarged edition) THE GOD/MAN/WORLD TRIANGLE WHAT IS RELIGION? (translated into Greek and Portuguese)

Is God a Scientist? A Dialogue between Science and Religion Robert Crawford

© Robert Crawford 2005 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2005 978-1-4039-1688-4 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2005 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-51308-6 DOI 10.1057/9780230509238

ISBN 978-0-230-50923-8 (eBook)

This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Crawford, Robert G. (Robert George), 1927– Is God a scientist? : a dialogue between science and religion / Robert Crawford. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-349-51308-6 1. Religion and science. I. Title. BL240.3.C73 2004 201′.65–dc22

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To the memory of Ivor Lewis and James Haire

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Contents Introduction

1

1

The Method of Science

7

2

Religion and Scientific Method

23

3

God Talk

37

4

The Experiment Begins

57

5

The Subjects of the Experiment

75

6

The Test

93

7

The Action of the Divine Scientist

111

8

The End of the Experiment

133

9

Objections to the Model of the Divine Scientist

155

Notes

165

Index

173

vii

Introduction

Many religious people think that science has nothing to do with their faith and they try to forget how science views the world and us. But if God has created the world then what science discovers about it may help us to understand him. In the past