Is There a Temperature? Conceptual Challenges at High Energy, Accele
Physical bodies can be hot or cold, moving or standing,simple or complex. In all such cases one assumes that their respective temperature is a well defined attribute. What if, however, the ordinary measurement of temperature by direct body con
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Volume 171 Series Editors PHILIPPE BLANCHARD, Universit¨at Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany PAUL BUSCH, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom BOB COECKE, Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Oxford, United Kingdom DETLEF DUERR, Mathematisches Institut, M¨unchen, Germany ROMAN FRIGG, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom CHRISTOPHER A. FUCHS, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada GIANCARLO GHIRARDI, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy DOMENICO GIULINI, University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany GREGG JAEGER, Boston University CGS, Boston, USA CLAUS KIEFER, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany KLAAS LANDSMAN, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands CHRISTIAN MAES, K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium HERMANN NICOLAI, Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Gravitationsphysik, Golm, Germany VESSELIN PETKOV, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada ALWYN VAN DER MERWE, University of Denver, Denver, USA RAINER VERCH, Universit¨at Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany REINHARD WERNER, Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany ¨ CHRISTIAN WUTHRICH, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/6001
Tam´as S´andor Bir´o
Is There a Temperature? Conceptual Challenges at High Energy, Acceleration and Complexity
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Tam´as S´andor Bir´o MTA KFKI RMKI Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest, Hungary [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4419-8040-3 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-8041-0 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-8041-0 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011921336 c Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Cover design: eStudio Calamar S.L. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To T¨unde, Szilvia, R´eka, G´abor and Kati.
Preface
Yet another book about thermodynamics? Wherefore? This almost 200-year-old physics subject is being discussed in depth and presented in a plethora of textbooks extensively. It is not my intention to add one to this number. It is the experience in modern research problems dealing with matter under extreme conditions which challenges me to write a book about this topic. Physical matter at high energy, velocity and momenta, under extreme acceleration or deceleration, or by anot
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