Is there any gender difference in epidemiology, clinical presentation and co-morbidities of non-functioning pituitary ad
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Is there any gender difference in epidemiology, clinical presentation and co‑morbidities of non‑functioning pituitary adenomas? A prospective survey of a National Referral Center and review of the literature C. Di Somma1 · E. Scarano1 · G. de Alteriis1 · L. Barrea1,2 · E. Riccio1 · R. Arianna1 · S. Savastano1,2 · A. Colao1,2,3 Received: 23 June 2020 / Accepted: 30 July 2020 © Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE) 2020
Abstract Purpose Gender differences in patients diagnosed with non-functioning Pituitary Adenomas (NFPA) in a National Referral Center for Pituitary Tumors at the Federico II University of Naples, Italy. Methods Patients newly diagnosed with non-functioning sellar masses found on pituitary Magnetic Resonance Imaging from January 1st 2016 to December 31th 2018 underwent anthropometric measurements, basal evaluation of pituitary function, and metabolic assessment. Fatty live index (FLI) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were calculated. Results Seventy-three patients (35 males, 51.1 ± 17.0 years; 38 females, 41.8 ± 18.1 years) presented with NFPA. Lesions > 1 cm (85.7% vs. 47.3%; χ2 = 10.26, p = 0.001) and hypopituitarism (77.1% vs. 7.9%; χ2 = 33.29, p = 0.001) were more frequent in males than females. The highest sizes of pituitary adenomas were significantly associated with male gender (OR = 1.05, p = 0.049; R2 = 0.060; IC 1.00–1.10). Headache (62.8% vs. 31.6%; χ2 = 5.96, p = 0.015) and visual field deficits (57.1% vs. 26.3%; χ2 = 5.93, p = 0.015) were significantly more frequent in males than in females. There was no sex difference in obesity prevalence, but the metabolic syndrome was more common among males than females (60.6% vs. 26.3%; χ2 = 7.14, p = 0.001). FLI was also higher in males (69.6 ± 27.3 vs. 49.2 ± 31.3; p 30 kg/ m2 and
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