Psychological profile and quality of life in patients with acromegaly in Greece. Is there any difference with other chro
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Psychological profile and quality of life in patients with acromegaly in Greece. Is there any difference with other chronic diseases? Panagiotis Anagnostis • Zoe A. Efstathiadou • Maria Charizopoulou • Despina Selalmatzidou • Eleni Karathanasi • Maria Poulasouchidou • Marina Kita
Received: 12 November 2013 / Accepted: 4 January 2014 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014
Abstract Several studies have shown that acromegaly is associated with increased psychological morbidity. However, it is not known whether this is attributed to acromegaly per se or to its chronicity as a debilitating disease affecting quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to assess psychological profile in acromegalics compared with those suffering from other serious chronic diseases and healthy controls. Secondary end points were QoL assessment and its association with mood disturbances. Comparative, cross-sectional study conducted in Northern Greece (2011–2012). The Greek versions of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and AcroQoL questionnaires were used to assess psychological status and QoL, respectively. Forty acromegalics, 40 age- and sex-matched people with other chronic diseases and 80 healthy controls were included. No significant differences were identified between acromegalics and those suffering from other chronic diseases, regarding tension, anger, depression, confusion, fatigue and vigor. Compared with healthy controls, acromegalics suffered more from depression and anger, which remained significant after controlling for age, gender and marital status (p = 0.003 and p = 0.048, respectively). Negative predictors were female gender, macroadenomas and radiotherapy. AcroQoL scores were negatively associated with POMS subscales. Males had better QoL than females. Other P. Anagnostis (&) Z. A. Efstathiadou D. Selalmatzidou E. Karathanasi M. Poulasouchidou M. Kita Department of Endocrinology, Hippokration Hospital of Thessaloniki, Sarantaporou 10, 54640 Thessaloniki, Greece e-mail: [email protected] M. Charizopoulou Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
than a negative association between AcroQoL-relationships subscale and disease duration, no association with other parameters was observed. Acromegaly has a negative impact on psychological status, which is worse than that of general population, but comparable to other chronic diseases. Mood disturbances are associated with impaired QoL, mainly in females and those with longer disease duration. Keywords Acromegaly Psychological profile Depression Anger Mood disturbances Quality of life
Introduction Acromegaly is a rare chronic debilitating disease, caused by excessive production of growth hormone (GH), as a result of a pituitary adenoma in the vast majority of cases. It is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, mostly due to related cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidemia [
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