IV Methodology
This chapter mainly introduces IV methodology. Parameter estimation of IV method is used as a reference for the parameter estimation of IV functions, which can then use relevant statistics on IV, capital and labor inputs. The resource suitability is estim
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Xinqi Zheng Chunlu Xue Zhiyuan Yuan
Intensive Variable and Its Application
SpringerBriefs in Geography
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10050
Xinqi Zheng Chunlu Xue Zhiyuan Yuan •
Intensive Variable and Its Application
123
Xinqi Zheng School of Land Science and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing China
Chunlu Xue Zhiyuan Yuan China University of Geosciences Beijing China
ISSN 2211-4165 ISSN 2211-4173 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-642-54872-7 ISBN 978-3-642-54873-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-54873-4 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014935228 The Author(s) 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Since its introduction approximately 200 years ago, the law of diminishing returns (LDR) has had a positive impact on economic activities. However, it has been a subject to various disputes depending on the viewpoints and preconditions adopted by researchers from different backgrounds. The development of a number of new topics, including globalization, global warming, and the low-carbon movement, has brought focus to sustainable development. Thus far, sustainable development remains a concept without a generally acceptable theory. In other words, sustainable d
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