Jamming-Resilient Backup Nodes Selection for RPL-based Routing in Smart Grid AMI Networks
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Jamming-Resilient Backup Nodes Selection for RPL-based Routing in Smart Grid AMI Networks Taimin Zhang1 · Xiaoyu Ji1
· Wenyuan Xu1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is the core component of the smart grid. As the wireless connection between smart meters in AMI is featured with high packet loss and low transmission rate, AMI is considered as a representative of the low power and lossy networks (LLNs). In such communication environment, the routing protocol in AMI network is essential to ensure the reliability and real-time of data transmission. The IPv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL), proposed by IETF ROLL working group, is considered to be the best routing solution for the AMI communication environment. However, the performance of RPL can be seriously degraded due to jamming attack. In this paper, we analyze the performance degradation problem of RPL protocol under jamming attack. We propose a backup node selection mechanism based on the standard RPL protocol. The proposed mechanism chooses a predefined number of backup nodes that maximize the probability of successful transmission. We evaluation the proposed mechanism through MATLAB simulations, results show the proposed mechanism improves the performance of RPL under jamming attack prominently. Keywords Smart grid · Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) · Jamming attack · RPL
1 Introduction Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) uses tremendous smart meters as sensing devices to collect user’s power usage data. Wireless technologies are commonly adopted to create communication networks for smart meters. However, the wireless connection between smart meters are featured with high packet loss and low transmission rate due to inference in the complex electromagnetic environment. AMI is thus considered as a representative of the low power and lossy networks (LLNs) [1]. To ensure reliable data transmission in AMI networks, it is essential to develop robust routing mechanisms that can deal with strong inference or intentional jamming attacks. A large amount of research on routing protocols in AMI networks have been conducted, among which IPv6 routing
Supported by National Key R&D (2018YFB0904900, 2018YFB0904904).
Program
of
Xiaoyu Ji
[email protected] 1
School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
China
protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL) [2] proposed by the IETF ROLL working group is considered to be the best candidate. However, RPL is known as vulnerable to jamming attacks. Renofio et al. [3] simulated the performance of an 80-node AMI network implementing RPL protocol under jamming attack. The results show that the repair time of the network topology significantly exceeds the duration of the jamming attack. The reasons are twofold: firstly the network topology update frequency is low in RPL networks. Secondly and more importantly, each node in the RPL network transmits data to the data center
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