Jorge Morales Pedraza: The use of the ionization technique for tissue sterilisation: the International Atomic Energy Age
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Jorge Morales Pedraza: The use of the ionization technique for tissue sterilisation: the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) experience Nova Science Publishers Inc, 2012, 371 pp, ISBN: 978-1-61324-368-8 Glyn. O. Phillips
Received: 18 July 2012 / Accepted: 24 July 2012 / Published online: 9 August 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012
Not a review but an appreciation. Historical tissue banking The foundation of current tissue banking was set in place, essentially, by a relatively small number of tissue banks. Without entering into the debate about which actually was the first, we should recall the contributions of the Bethesda Naval Tissue Bank in the USA which George Hyatt founded in 1950 with Ken Sell becoming the Director on 1965. The impetus was the return of the war casualties from the Korean conflict who required reconstructive surgery. From this beginning came great contributions in the subject from Michael Strong and Gary Friedlander. The early publication ‘‘Tissue Banking for Transplantation’’ Sell and Friedlander (1976) Greene and Stratton, New York was truly a landmark publication. About the same time in 1952 Rudolph Klen (1982) set up the tissue bank in Hradec Kralove in the old Czechoslovakia. It was a great occasion on July 6, 2006 when a meeting was held to celebrate the contribution of Professor Klen and congratulate him on his 90th birthday. It was organized by the European Glyn. O. Phillips (&) Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL112AW, Wales, UK e-mail: [email protected]
Association of Tissue Banks, CZFoundation, Czechoslovak Biological Society, Czech Transplantation Society, the Medical Faculty of the Charles University and the University Hospital in Hradec Kralove. It was a privilege to work with Professor Klen to contribute to and produce his previous publication in the Czech language in English. In 1982 the text ‘‘Biological Principles of Tissue Banking’’ was published, and was another landmark publication. It is a miracle that he emerged to all this great work after being imprisoned as a Jew in a concentration camp during the war years. Letters now exist which were sent by him and his sister Hana and their friend Jura (Jiri) Fantl in 1944 from the ghetto to their families in the ‘‘Protektorat’’. We cannot now imagine their suffering and their resilience. Rudolph Klen continued to show this resilience throughout his life, for he had to withstand the communist regime which denied him all recognition, and only came in the form of a Professorship from his old University at the end of his life. The ‘‘Leeds Tissue Bank’’ was set up in 1956 by another great enthusiast Frank Dexter and the early history has been described by Kearney (2006). It started in the Department of Microbiology of the University of Leeds in 1953. Essentially a technician in microbiology at the University of Leeds Medical School, he had a ‘‘dream’’ to harvest tissues for transplantation and together with Professor R. G. Burwell proceeded
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