Kinetics of Gasification and Co-gasification of Petcoke and Coal
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
Kinetics of Gasification and Co-gasification of Petcoke and Coal Komal Verma1 • Zavin R. Gajera1 • Ashish N. Sawarkar1
Received: 18 April 2020 / Accepted: 8 September 2020 The Institution of Engineers (India) 2020
Abstract Co-gasification of petroleum coke with other carbonaceous material is making significant inroads in the quest for efficient utilization of petroleum coke. In the present work, gasification and co-gasification of petroleum coke and low-grade Indian coal was studied by thermogravimetric analysis at three heating rates, 10, 20, 30 C min-1 under oxygen atmosphere. Physicochemical characterization of petroleum coke revealed that it contains significantly high fixed carbon and has high calorific value with low ash content vis-a`-vis coal sample. It was observed that with the increase in heating rate, the ignition and the burn out temperature also increases. Kinetic parameters were calculated by employing commonly used two modelfree isoconversional methods, i.e., Kissinger–Akahira– Sunose (KAS) and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) based on TGA data. The activation energies of petcoke and blend (petcoke ? coal) calculated by KAS and FWO methods were found to be 126.75 and 109.94 kJ mol-1, and 128.3 and 111.85 kJ mol-1, respectively. Activation energy values obtained by both the methods demonstrate that the blend requires lesser energy than gasification of petcoke alone. Gasification of blend was found to follow complex multi-step nature of kinetics. Overall, the findings demonstrate that co-gasification could be a practical
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s40034-020-00178-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Ashish N. Sawarkar [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211004, India
approach for energy recovery from the petcoke–coal mixture than gasification of petcoke alone. Keywords Petroleum coke Coal Co-gasification Kinetics TGA
Introduction Climate change all over the world has generated tremendous awareness on efficient utilization of fossil fuels. It may be noted that fossil fuels still account for about 80% of primary energy supply and petroleum remains world’s leading sources of energy [1], though renewable sources of energy including bioenergy [2] are making significant inroads in the overall energy mix. Petroleum refineries, in particular, are undergoing major transition in terms of newer technological advances to meet the ever-increasing demand of clean energy and products [3]. With steady increase of heavy oil supply in refineries [4], refiners are being burdened with large amount of vacuum residue [5]. Delayed coking process is still the most preferred choice for upgrading vacuum residue containing significant proportions of heteroatoms and metals. Petroleum coke (petcoke) is a major by-product of the delayed coking process where the main aim is to maximize liq
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