Knowledge Management in the Virtual Enterprise: Web Based Systems for Electronic Manufacturing

This chapter discusses the typical characteristics of virtual enterprises. Additionally, web based systems features are analysed. The focus is on modeling and implementation of such systems with respect to handling the knowledge in the virtual enterprise.

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Alain Bernard ∙ Serge Tichkiewitch Editors

Methods and Tools for Effective Knowledge Life-Cycle-Management

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Professor Alain Bernard Ecole Centrale de Nantes IRCCyN, CNRS, UMR 6597 1 rue de la Noë 44321 Nantes Cedex 03 France [email protected]

Professor Serge Tichkiewitch Grenoble Institute of Technology Laboratoire G-SCOP 46 Avenue Félix Viallet 38031 Grenoble Cedex 1 France [email protected]

ISBN 978-3-540-78430-2

e-ISBN 978-3-540-78431-9

DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-78431-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 20089222196 © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permissions for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: F. Steinen-Broo, eStudio Calamar, Spain Printed on acid-free paper 987654321 springer.com

Preface

Knowledge Management is a wide, critical and strategic issue for all the companies, from the SMEs to the most complex organizations. The key of competitiveness is knowledge, because of the necessity of reactivity, flexibility, agility and innovation capacities. Knowledge is difficult to measure itself but what is visible, this is the way of improving products, technologies and enterprise organizations. During the last four years, based on the experience of most of the best experts around the World, CIRP (The International Academy for Production Engineering) has decided to prepare and structure a Network of Excellence (NoE) proposal. The European Community accepted to found the VRL-KCiP (Virtual Research Laboratory – Knowledge Community in Production). As its name indicates it, the aim of this NoE was really to build a «Knowledge Community in Production ». This was possible and realistic because the partners were representative of the most important universities in Europe and also because of strong partnerships with laboratories far from Europe (Japan, Australia, South Africa, USA, etc…). Based on such powerful partnership, the main issue was to help European manufacturing industry to define and structure the strategic knowledge in order to face the strategic worldwide challenges. Manufacturing in Europe currently has two essential aspects: 1. It has to be knowledge intensive given the European demands for high-tech products and services (e.g. electronics, medicines). 2. Given the rela