L-linalool exerts a neuroprotective action on hemiparkinsonian rats
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
L-linalool exerts a neuroprotective action on hemiparkinsonian rats Jalles Dantas de Lucena 1 & Carlos Vinicius Jataí Gadelha-Filho 2 & Roberta Oliveira da Costa 1 & Dayane Pessoa de Araújo 3 & Francisco Arnaldo Viana Lima 2 & Kelly Rose Tavares Neves 2 & Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana 1,2 Received: 10 May 2019 / Accepted: 5 December 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Linalool (LIN) is a monoterpene, responsible for the aroma of essential oils in some species. It presents a sedative and anxiolytic potential, enhancing GABAergic currents and behaving as a benzodiazepine-type of drug. The objectives of the present work were to study the neuroprotective effects of LIN on a model of Parkinson’s disease. For that, male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: sham-operated (SO), 6-OHDA-lesioned, and 6-OHDA-lesioned and treated with LIN (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 2 weeks. Afterwards, the animals were subjected to behavioral tests (apomorphine-induced rotations, open field, and forced swimming tests). Then, the animals were euthanized, and the striatum, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex were processed for neurochemistry (nitrite and lipoperoxidation measurements) and immunohistochemistry (TH and DAT) assays. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons and considered significant at p < 0.05. LIN significantly improved the behavioral alterations of the 6-OHDA-lesioned group, as evaluated by the apomorphine-induced rotations, open field, and forced swimming tests. In addition, LIN partially reversed the decreased DA, DOPAC, and HVA contents observed in the 6-OHDA-lesioned striatum. The untreated 6-OHDA group presented increased nitrite contents and lipoperoxidation in all the brain areas studied, and these changes were completely reversed after LIN treatments. Finally, LIN significantly prevented the reduction in TH and DAT expressions demonstrated in the right 6-OHDA-lesioned striatum. All these data strongly suggest that LIN presents a neuroprotective action in hemiparkinsonian rats, probably related to the drug antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities. Keywords Parkinson’s disease . Neuroprotection . Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities
Introduction L-linalool (LIN) (3,7-dimetil-octa-1,6-dien-3-ol) is a naturally occurring monoterpene alcohol found in many aromatic species that produce secondary metabolites as essential oils (responsible for the plant odor) and many other chemical
* Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana [email protected] 1
Graduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
2
Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
3
Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, State University of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, Brazil
components. Furthermore, over 200 species of plants, especially those from the families Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, and Rutaceae, have L-linalool, as one of thei
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