Laboratory assessment of saturation and sample molding effects on shear resistance and mechanical characteristics of san
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Laboratory assessment of saturation and sample molding effects on shear resistance and mechanical characteristics of sandy soil Noureddine Della & Mostefa Belkhatir & Ahmed Djafar Henni & Jean Canou & Jean Claude Dupla Received: 11 April 2013 / Accepted: 19 July 2013 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2013
Abstract In order to evaluate shear resistance characteristics of sand, which has previously experienced liquefaction, two series of drained and undrained monotonic triaxial compression tests on medium dense sand were carried out. In the first test series, the influence of the specimen preparation method and confining pressure has been studied. It was found that there was a marked difference in the behavior even though the density and stress conditions were identical. The conclusion was that the soil fabric was responsible for this result. In the second series of tests, the saturation influence on the shear resistance of the sand was examined. The results showed that the decrease in Skempton's pore pressure coefficient B improves the shear resistance and increases the friction angle of the sand. Keywords Shear resistance . Monotonic . Depositional method . Compression . Drained . Undrained . Saturation . Friction angle
aftershocks were felt during several months after the quake (Ouyed 1981). The main shock generated a relatively inverse fault about 40 km long appearing on the surface (Ambraseys 1981). The epicenter of this earthquake was localized in the northeast of El-Asnam. The disaster of October 10, 1980 generated a number of geodynamic phenomena at the ground surface including movements of the ground of variable nature and size, and especially the liquefaction of the sandy soils inducing a loss of shearing resistance. The phenomenon of liquefaction appeared on a vast alluvial valley crossed by the Chlef River up to the zone of confluence of this river with the Fodda River, as shown in Fig. 1 (Durville and Méneroud 1982). The liquefaction in this region was marked by craters of sand, lateral displacements of the ground, and settlement of parent soil (Figs. 2 and 3).
Prior studies Introduction On October 10, 1980 at 1325 hours (local time), the Chlef region in northern Algeria was hit by a disastrous earthquake of a magnitude of 7.3 according to the calculation of Papastamatiou (1980), followed by strong aftershocks of magnitude 6 and 6.1 some hours afterwards. Numerous N. Della (*) : M. Belkhatir : A. D. Henni Laboratory of Material Sciences and Environment (LSME), Civil Engineering Department, University Hassiba Benbouali of Chlef, Sendjas Street, PO Box 151, Chlef 02000, Algeria e-mail: [email protected] J. Canou : J. C. Dupla Laboratoire Navier Géotechnique (CERMES), Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 6 et 8 avenue Blaise-Pascal-Cité Descartes, Champs sur Marne, Cedex 2, 77455 Marne-la-vallée, France
During static or cyclic loading, the shaking of the ground may cause saturated cohesionless soils to lose their strength and behave like liquid. This phenomenon is called soil li
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