Laminar Organization and Neuronal Diversity in Temporal Region of Indian Gray Mongoose
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Laminar Organization and Neuronal Diversity in Temporal Region of Indian Gray Mongoose Sippy Singh1 • Durgesh Singh1 • U. C. Srivastava2 • Prashant Chauhan2
Received: 2 May 2020 / Revised: 13 September 2020 / Accepted: 16 September 2020 Ó The National Academy of Sciences, India 2020
Abstract Temporal lobe is known to perform vital role in visual discrimination and identification of objects. Cresyl violet and Golgi studies of temporal region of Indian gray mongoose revealed diversity of neurons dispersed in six layers of the region. Pyramidal neurons were observed to outnumber the other four types of neurons in the temporal region supporting the specialization of this brain region as compared to primitive brains of monotremes and insectivores. Moreover, specialization of neurons provides better functioning and refining learning and predatory behavior of the animal. Keywords Temporal Pyramidal neurons Mongoose Diversity
Mammalian brain has always been point of interest for many researchers. There have been a lot of investigations on the laminar organization of mammalian cerebral cortex using Golgi and Cresyl violet staining methods. These two techniques have been also used to study neuronal diversity within mammalian cortex of many species such as: humans [1], cat [2] and chiroptera [3]. The temporal lobe of cerebral cortex serves various functions like it’s dorsal region processes auditory signals such as speech and visual information as well. The anterior most and antero-ventral part of temporal lobe have been & Sippy Singh [email protected] 1
Department of Zoology, S.S. Khanna Girls’ Degree College, Prayagraj, U.P. 211003, India
2
Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P. 211002, India
suggested to be crucial for memorizing ability and retrieval of semantic knowledge of any object [4]. Ablation studies propose that damage in temporal region causes disability in performing tasks related to visual object discrimination and identification [5]. Herpestes edwardsii commonly known as Indian Gray Mongoose (E´. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818) belonging to category of least concern [6] is a terrestrial carnivore which is well known for its predatory habit and exploring behavior. The temporal region of Mongoose has been chosen for present study as this region plays important role in insight learning behavior of the animal [4]. Three adult mongoose were captured from the surroundings of Prayagraj (25°280 N, 81°540 E, Uttar Pradesh, India). The brains were processed for three techniques viz. Cresyl violet method for Cytoarchitectonic study, GolgiColonnier and Rapid Golgi method for neuronal study [7–9]. All the experiments were in accordance with animal care guidelines of the Animal Ethical Committee of Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Praygaraj. Isocortex of H. edwardsii showed similarity to cortex of eutherian mammals with a cell-free layer I and well demarcated layers II–VI [10]. The temporal region of mongoose showed total cortical thickness to be
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