Landscape Ecology in Asian Cultures
Cultural landscapes are a product of the interactions between humans and natural settings. They are landscapes and seascapes that are shaped by human history and land use. Socioeconomic processes especially, but also environmental changes and natural
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Sun-Kee Hong Jianguo Wu Jae-Eun Kim Nobukazu Nakagoshi ●
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Editors
Landscape Ecology in Asian Cultures
Editors Sun-Kee Hong Institution for Marine and Island Cultures Mokpo National University 61 Dorim-ri, Cheonggye-myeon Muan-gun, Jeonnam 534-729 Republic of Korea [email protected] [email protected] Jianguo Wu School of Life Sciences, School of Sustainability, and Global Institute of Sustainability Arizona State University, P.O. Box 874501 Tempe, AZ 85287-4501 USA [email protected]
Jae-Eun Kim Institution for Marine and Island Cultures Mokpo National University 61 Dorim-ri, Cheonggye-myeon Muan-gun, Jeonnam 534-729 Republic of Korea [email protected] Nobukazu Nakagoshi Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University 1-5-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan [email protected]
ISSN 2191-0707 e-ISSN 2191-0715 ISBN 978-4-431-87798-1 e-ISBN 978-4-431-87799-8 DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-87799-8 Springer Tokyo Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010940984 © Springer 2011 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover Front Cover: Landscape of Beopseongpo in Yeonggwang-gun, Jeonnam Province, Korea (photo by S.-K. Hong; see Chapter 2) Back cover: Left: Fishing village on Chuja-do Island, Jeju Province, Korea (photo by S.-K. Hong) Center: Gonam-myeon, a rural village in Taean-gun, Chungnam Province, Korea (photo by S.-K. Hong) Right: “Ullimsanbang (Atelier),” in a traditional Korean garden in Jindo-gun, Jeonnam Province, Korea (photo by S.-K. Hong) Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
During the last century, ecological research in Asian countries has made many strides in terms of both quantity and quality. In recent decades, landscape ecology as a new interdisciplinary field has been developing rapidly in many Asian countries, mainly following the concepts, principles, and methods outlined by a limited number of textbooks from North America and Europe. However, patterns of landscapes (and seascapes) in Asia are not only spatially heterogeneous, but also have unique characteristics that are driven by different socioeconomic and cultural processes. The spatial patterns of Asian landscapes are strongly related to human activities and their impacts. Anthropogenic patterns and processes have created numerous traditional cultural landscapes throughout the region, and understanding
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