Large-scale multirole Zn(II) programmed synthesis of ultrathin hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets
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rge-scale multirole Zn(II) programmed synthesis of ultrathin hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets 1†
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XU LingSong , MENG FanCheng , WEI XiangFeng , LIN ChangHao , 2* 1,3* ZHENG LianXi & LIU JieHua 1
Future Energy Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; 3 Engineering Research Center of High-Performance Copper Alloy Materials and Processing, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, China Received September 1, 2019; accepted December 24, 2019; published online April 27, 2020
ZIF-derived carbon structures are considered as desired electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their high surface area, high conductivity, and porous structure. However, the most reported ratio of 2-methylimidazole and Zn(II) is 4:1 to 20:1, which limits commercial applications due to the increasing cost. In this paper, a multirole Zn(II)-assisted method is presented from Zn(II) solution, ZnO, ZnO/ZIF-8 core-shell nanostructure, to 3D hierarchical micro-meso-macroporous carbon structures with a 2 −1 1:1 ratio of 2-methylimidazole and Zn(II). The hierarchically porous carbon has a high surface area of 1800 m g due to the −1 synergistic effect of multirole Zn(II). The unique carbon-based half-cell delivers the specific capacitances of 377 and 221 F g at −1 the current densities of 1.0 and 50 A g , respectively. As a 2.5 V symmetrical supercapacitor, the device reveals a high double−1 −1 layer capacitance of 24.4 F g , a power density of 62.5 kW kg , and more than 85.8% capacitance can be retained over 10000 −1 cycles at 10 A g . More importantly, the low-cost hierarchically porous carbon could be easily produced on a large scale and almost all chemicals can be reused in the sustainable method. multirole Zn(II), hierarchically porous carbon, N doping, carbon nanosheets, supercapacitor Citation:
Xu L S, Meng F C, Wei X F, et al. Large-scale multirole Zn(II) programmed synthesis of ultrathin hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets. Sci China Tech Sci, 2020, 63, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-019-1510-0
1 Introduction Supercapacitors possess high-power density, long cycle life, and fast charging-discharging properties, representing a leading class of power sources in the future [1–3]. Based on the charge storage mechanisms, supercapacitors can be divided into electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC), pseudocapacitors, and hybrids [4,5]. Among them, EDLC especially is highlighted with the unparalleled cycle stability and rate performance due to the physical process of charge †These authors contribute equally to this work. *Corresponding authors (email: [email protected]; [email protected])
accumulation and release. Porous carbon materials with a large accessible surface area are always involved in the EDLC electrodes [6,7]. The current
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