Large-Scale Synthesis of Nickel Sulfide for Electronic Device Applications
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MRS Advances © Authors(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2020.339
Large-Scale Synthesis of Nickel Sulfide for Electronic Device Applications Nidhi1, Tashi Nautiyal1, Samaresh Das*2 1
Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee
2
Center for Applied Research in Electronics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, India *Email: [email protected]
Abstract Several techniques have been employed for large-scale synthesis of group 10 transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) based on platinum and palladium for nano- and optoelectronic device applications. Nickel Sulphides (NixSy), belonging to group 10 TMDC family, have been widely explored in the field of energy storage devices such as batteries and supercapacitors, etc. and commonly synthesized through the solution process or hydrothermal methods. However, the high-quality thin film growth of NixSy for nanoelectronic applications remains a central challenge. Here, we report the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of NiS2 thin film onto a two-inch SiO2/Si substrate, for the first time. Techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, have been used to analyse the quality of this CVD grown NiS2 thin film. A high-quality crystalline thin film of thickness up to a few nanometres (~28 nm) of NiS 2 has been analysed here. We also fabricated a field-effect device based on NiS2 thin film using interdigitated electrodes by optical lithography. The electrical performance of the fabricated device is characterized at room temperature. On applying the drain voltage from -2 to +2 V, the device shows drain current in the range of 10-9 A before annealing and in the range of 10-6 A after annealing. This, being comparable to that from devices based on MoS 2 and other two-dimensional materials, projects CVD grown NiS2 as a good alternative material for nanoelectronic devices. 1
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INTRODUCTION TMDCs are an evolving class of materials with properties that allow them to be highly utilized in various applications ranging from nanoelectronic and nanophotonics to sensing and actuation at the nanoscale. The discovery of first TMDC material MoS 2 and its application in transistor [1], and optoelectronic devices [1], [2] have promoted a pathway to the investigation of other new TMDC, and two-dimensional (2D) materials. The traditional TMDCs include molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2), tungsten disulfide (WS2), and tungsten diselenide (WSe2), platinum disulfide (diselenide) [2]–[8] etc. TMDC materials, when scaled down from bulk to monolayers, exhibit attractive electronic and optical properties arising due to band gap transition from indirect to direct and vice-versa [9]. Such band gap tu
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