Lenin: A Political Life Volume 3: The Iron Ring
The final volume of Robert Service's major trilogy on Lenin's political life takes the account from the Brest-Litovsk Treaty of 1918 to the Bolshevik leader's death in 1924. Attention is paid to the military, political and economic conditions as they chan
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By the same author and also published by Palgrave Macmillan THE BOLSHEVIK PARTY IN REVOLUTION A Study in Organisational Change LENIN: A POLITICAL LIFE Volume I The Strengths of Contradiction Volume 2 Worlds in Collision THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, 1900-27 SOCIETY AND POLITICS IN THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION (editor)
LENIN: A POLITICAL LIFE Volume 3 The Iron Ring
ROBERT SERVICE
© Robert Service 1995 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1995 978-0-333-29392-8 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 9HE. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. First published 1995 by MACMILLAN PRESS LTD Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world
ISBN 978-1-349-05596-8 ISBN 978-1-349-05594-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-05594-4 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. 109876 5432 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 Copy-edited and typeset by Povey-Edmondson Okehampton and Rochdale, England
To Emma, Owain, Hugo and Francesca
Contents List of Plates
X
xi
Introduction
1
l
3
4
1
'Merciless Retreat' 'The Current Tasks of Soviet Power' Opposition and Survival Emergency in Moscow Manoeuvre, Retreat, Wait The Writing of a Constitution To Kazan!
1 6 11 16 20 25
Closing The Circle
19
Assassination Attempt 'Proletarian Revolution and Kautsky the Renegade' Terror War and Armistice Reds and Whites Feeding Russia
29 33 37 43 49 52
Only One Year
58
The Party-State Bolshevism's Leader The First Congress of Comintem Opposition: Party and Army The Eighth Party Congress The Party Programme
58 62 67
And Oun Shall Be the Victory The Moving Fortress Gathering the Lands War Leader Export of Revolution, Siege Economy Lenin and Religion The Ninth Party Congress vii
72
75 83
88
88 92 97 102 108 112
Contents
viii
5 The Tar in the Honey The Polish-Soviet War 'The Infantile Disease of "Leftism in Communism"' The Second Congress of the Communist International Cult of a Statesman The Ninth Party Conference Noting Bukharin
6 Less Politics!
7
117
117 121 125 131 135 145 152
Lenin and Trotski Fronts, Policies, Situations The 'Trade Union Discussion' Towards the New Economic Policy Lenin's Cohort The Tenth Party Congress
152 156 162 166 172 176
The Rifle and Sickle
185
Developing the New Economic Policy Conquest of Empire International Relations 'On the Food Tax' The Tenth Party Conference Divided Retreat
185 189
8 Against The Wall Politics and Control The Third Congress of the Communist International The Arts, Sciences and Scholarship unde
