Light acclimation states of phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean, determined using photosynthetic pigment distribution
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Light acclimation states of phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean, determined using photosynthetic pigment distribution Fuminori Hashihama · Haruko Umeda · Chiaki Hamada · Sakae Kudoh · Toru Hirawake · Kazuhiko Satoh · Mitsuo Fukuchi · Yasuhiro Kashino
Received: 10 December 2009 / Accepted: 4 June 2010 / Published online: 19 June 2010 © Springer-Verlag 2010
Abstract In high-latitude waters such as the Southern Ocean, the primary production of phytoplankton supports the ecosystem. To understand the photo-acclimation strategy of such phytoplankton within cold environments, the vertical distribution proWle of photosynthetic pigments was analyzed in the Southern Ocean. Samples were taken along 110°E during the austral summer, and along 150°E and around the edge of the seasonal sea ice of the Antarctic Continent during the austral autumn. Pigment extraction methods were optimized for these samples. The standing crop of chlorophyll a was larger in the region along the edge of the seasonal sea ice than at sampling stations in open ocean areas. Chlorophyll concentration seemed to be dependent on the formation of thermo- and haloclines along the edge of the seasonal sea ice, but not in the open ocean where such clines are less
pronounced. The marker pigments fucoxanthin and/or 19⬘-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin were dominant at most sampling stations throughout the water column, while other marker pigments such as alloxanthin were quite low. This indicated that diatoms and/or haptophytes were the major phytoplankton in this area. Comparison of the relative ratio of fucoxanthin with that of 19⬘-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin allowed some stations to be characterized as either diatomdominant or haptophyte-dominant. The relative ratio of xanthophyll-cycle pigments (diadinoxanthin plus diatoxanthin) to chlorophyll a was high in surface waters and decreased gradually with depth. This suggests that near the ice edge during summer in the Southern Ocean, both diatoms and haptophytes acclimate to their light environments to protect their photosystems under high-light conditions.
Communicated by U. Sommer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00227-010-1494-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. F. Hashihama · K. Satoh · Y. Kashino (&) Department of Life Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kohto, Kamigohri, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan e-mail: [email protected] H. Umeda · S. Kudoh · M. Fukuchi National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan C. Hamada Nichiyu Giken Kogyo Co., Ltd., 21-2 Matobashinmachi, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-1107, Japan S. Kudoh · M. Fukuchi Department of Polar Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
T. Hirawake Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan Present Address: F. Hashihama Department of Ocean Sciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Tec
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