Light-triggered plasmonic vesicles with enhanced catalytic activity of glucose oxidase for programmable photothermal/sta
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Published online 17 November 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-020-1502-0
Light-triggered plasmonic vesicles with enhanced catalytic activity of glucose oxidase for programmable photothermal/starvation therapy †
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Zhuoting Deng , Yaling He , Muhammad Rizwan Younis, Shan Lei, Chao Jiang, Yanyan Yuan, * Peng Huang and Jing Lin ABSTRACT Glucose oxidase (GOx)-based nanotheranostic agents hold great promise in tumor starvation and its synergistic therapy. Self-assembled plasmonic gold vesicles (GVs) with unique optical properties, large hollow cavity, and strong localized surface plasmon resonance, can be used as multi-functional nanocarriers for synergistic therapy. Herein, GOx-loaded GVs (GV-GOx) were developed for light-triggered GOx release as well as enhanced catalytic activity of GOx, achieving programmable photothermal/starvation therapy. Under near-infrared laser irradiation, the GV-GOx generated strong localized hyperthermia due to plasmon coupling effect of GVs, promoting the release of encapsulated GOx and increasing its catalytic activity, resulting in enhanced tumor starvation effect. In addition, the high photothermal effect improved the cellular uptake of GV-GOx and allowed an efficient monitoring of synergistic tumor treatment via photoacoustic/photothermal duplex imaging in vivo. Impressively, the synergistic photothermal/starvation therapy demonstrated complete tumor eradication in 4T1 tumorbearing mice, verifying superior synergistic anti-tumor therapeutic effects than monotherapy with no apparent systemic side effects. Our work demonstrated the development of a light-triggered nanoplatform for cancer synergistic therapy. Keywords: light-triggered release, plasmonic vesicles, glucose oxidase, photothermal therapy, starvation therapy
INTRODUCTION Tumor starvation therapy through chocking off the tumor site energy supply has attracted great interest in recent years [1–5]. Intratumoral glucose is one of the most common and essential energy supplies in tumor, which
can be transformed to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) through the catalysis of glucose oxidase (GOx) [6–9]. The GOx-mediated catalysis effectively consumes intratumoral glucose, which results in significant glucose depletion, thus triggering the tumor starvation process [10–14]. Although tumor starvation is an ideal tumor treatment approach, the poor reaction kinetics of enzyme-based catalysts and their safe delivery to the tumor site are the prominent bottlenecks, which impede its further applications [15]. Interestingly, it has been demonstrated that heat can accelerate the catalytic reactions, resulting in improved catalytic activity of catalysts [16–19]. However, the controlled generation of hyperthermia at the tumor site remains a hard nut to crack. As we know, photothermal therapy (PTT) involves photothermal agents to generate the localized hyperthermia under laser irradiation, resulting in ablation of tumor cells [20–23]. Integrating PTT with starvation therapy in one platform could realize the controlled generation o
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