Liquid biopsy approaches for pleural effusion in lung cancer patients
- PDF / 745,395 Bytes
- 9 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 15 Downloads / 258 Views
REVIEW
Liquid biopsy approaches for pleural effusion in lung cancer patients Gayathri Baburaj1 · Rama Rao Damerla2 · Karthik S Udupa3 · Preetiparna Parida2 · Murali Munisamy1 · Jill Kolesar4 · Mahadev Rao1 Received: 13 July 2020 / Accepted: 25 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Genomic profiling of tumors has become the mainstay for diagnosis, treatment monitoring and a guide to precision medicine. However, in clinical practice, the detection of driver mutations in tumors has several procedural limitations owing to progressive disease and tumor heterogeneity. The current era of liquid biopsy promises a better solution. This diagnostic utility of liquid biopsy has been demonstrated by numerous studies for the detection of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction. However, cfDNAs are limited in blood circulation and still hurdles to achieve promising precision medicine. Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is usually detected in advanced lung malignancy, which is rich in tumor cells. Extracellular vesicles and cfDNAs are the two major targets currently explored using MPE. Therefore, MPE can be used as a source of biomarkers in liquid biopsy for investigating tumor mutations. This review focuses on the liquid biopsy approaches for pleural effusion which may be explored as an alternative source for liquid biopsy in lung cancer patients to diagnose early disease progression. Keywords Malignant pleural effusion · Cell-free DNA · Circulating tumor DNA · Extracellular vesicles · Epidermal growth factor receptor
Introduction Lung cancer has been estimated to be the most common cause of cancer deaths across the world [1]. The healthcare costs and burden attributed to lung cancer were significant as per the global burden of disease study conducted in 2016 [2]. The estimated 5-year survival rate of 17.8% was lower than that of all the other cancers [3]. More than 50% of the lung malignancies are diagnosed at the advanced stage, * Mahadev Rao [email protected] 1
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
2
Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College- Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
3
Department of Medical Oncology, Kasturba Medical College- Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
4
Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, University of Kentucky, 567 TODD Building, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40539‑0596, USA
which causes a high mortality rate with a five-year survival rate of 4% [4]. Unfortunately, early stages of lung cancers can be asymptomatic, which makes early diagnosis misinterpreted and dismissed immediately [5]. Various invasive and non-invasive diagnostic procedures are used for lung cancer. Non- invasive methods such as computer tomography (CT) scans, low-dose CT scans, chest X-rays and positron emission tomography (PET s
Data Loading...
