Long-term liming promotes drastic changes in the composition of the microbial community in a tropical savanna soil
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Long-term liming promotes drastic changes in the composition of the microbial community in a tropical savanna soil Rafaella Silveira 1,2 & Thiago de Roure Bandeira de Mello 3 & Maria Regina Silveira Sartori Silva 3 Ricardo Henrique Krüger 1,2 & Mercedes Maria da Cunha Bustamante 1,3
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Received: 10 January 2020 / Revised: 12 August 2020 / Accepted: 17 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract We characterized soil bacterial and archaeal communities under native Cerrado vegetation and their responses to increases in soil pH. The experimental area was subjected to lime additions for eight consecutive years, followed by an 11-year interval and an additional lime application. We collected soil samples in the rainy and dry seasons of 2017 (representing the 11-year interval from the last liming) and 2018 (representing short-term effects, 4 and 9 months after we resumed the liming). We studied the microbial communities of soil samples from control and treatment plots (liming) through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that microbial community profiles differed by treatment and sampling period, suggesting long-term effects of liming and the strong influence of Cerrado's seasonal dynamics. Samples from liming treatment had a higher bacterial diversity than the control treatment, while the archaeal community showed the opposite response with lower diversity. Different from diversity estimators, enzyme-encoding genes for C, N, and S metabolic pathways showed a reduction in abundance in the liming treatment. The effects of liming on the soil microbial community under Cerrado vegetation are long-lasting. Despite the increase in diversity, the predicted functional profiles suggested a potential reduction on soil multifunctionality. Keywords Microbial diversity . Microbial functional role . Soil disturbance . Nutrient enrichment . Cerrado biome
Introduction In the savannas of Central Brazil, a biodiversity hotspot (Myers et al. 2000), soils are predominantly nutrient-limited, well-drained, acidic, with low cation exchange capacity (CEC), and high aluminum contents (Lopes and Cox 1977; Haridasan 2008). Despite these limitations, in addition to the plant diversity (Eiten 1972; Furley 1999; Klink and Machado Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-020-01504-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Rafaella Silveira [email protected] 1
Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
2
Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
3
Department of Ecology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
2005; Haridasan 2008), the Cerrado harbors significant belowground diversity (Quirino et al. 2009; Pereira de Castro et al. 2016; de Araujo et al. 2017). Soil characteristics and the seasonal distribution of rainf
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