Longitudinal Research with Latent Variables
This book combines longitudinal research and latent variable research, i.e. it explains how longitudinal studies with objectives formulated in terms of latent variables should be carried out, with an emphasis on detailing how the methods are applied. Beca
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Kees van Montfort Johan H.L. Oud Albert Satorra Editors
Longitudinal Research with Latent Variables
ABC
Editors Professor Dr. Kees van Montfort Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Econometrics and Operations Research De Boelelaan 1105 1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands [email protected]
Professor Dr. Albert Satorra Universitat Pompeu Fabra Department of Economics and Business Ramon Trias Fargas 25-27 08005 Barcelona Spain [email protected]
Professor Dr. Johan H.L. Oud Radboud University Nijmegen Behavioural Science Institute Montessorilaan 3 6525 HR Nijmegen Netherlands [email protected]
ISBN 978-3-642-11759-6 e-ISBN 978-3-642-11760-2 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-11760-2 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010926488 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Since Charles Spearman published his seminal paper on factor analysis in 1904 and Karl J¨oreskog replaced the observed variables in an econometric structural equation model by latent factors in 1970, causal modelling by means of latent variables has become the standard in the social and behavioural sciences. Indeed, the central variables that social and behavioural theories deal with, can hardly ever be identified as observed variables. Statistical modelling has to take account of measurement errors and invalidities in the observed variables and so address the underlying latent variables. Moreover, during the past decades it has been widely agreed on that serious causal modelling should be based on longitudinal data. It is especially in the field of longitudinal research and analysis, including panel research, that progress has been made in recent years. Many comprehensive panel data sets as, for example, on human development and voting behaviour have become available for analysis. The number of publications based on longitudinal data has increased immensely. Papers with causal claims based on cross-sectional data only experience rejection just for that reason. The chapters in this book combine longitudinal res
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